Test Bank: A Concise Introduction to Logic 11th Edition By Patrick J. Hurley

Test Bank For A Concise Introduction to Logic 11th Edition By Patrick J. Hurley 1. For a long time, Haydn's music was regarded as genial and lively, and much of its depth, wit, and brilliance went unnoticed. This was because only a few of his compositions were performed regularly at concerts. Nowadays, however, much more of Haydn's music is being performed, and the extraordinary range of his achievement is being recognized. Jeffrey Yudkin, Understanding Music, 4th edition a. Argument; conclusion: For a long time ... went unnoticed. b. Argument; conclusion: Only a few of his compositions ... at concerts. c. Argument; conclusion: Nowadays ... being performed. d. Nonargument. e. Argument; conclusion: The extraordinary range ... is being recognized. ANS: D PTS: 2 2. While the topical application of fluoride to children's teeth can help reduce decay, the addition of fluoride to drinking water is definitely not a good idea. Fluoride in drinking water has caused widespread dental fluorosis (mottled and discolored enamel), it is a cumulative poison, which means that it builds up in bone and tissue, and it has been linked to lower IQ in children and to Alzheimer's disease in adults. a. Argument; conclusion: The addition of fluoride ... not a good idea. b. Argument; conclusion: Fluoride is a cumulative poison. c. Nonargument. d. Argument; conclusion: The topical application of fluoride ... reduce decay. e. Argument; conclusion: It has been linked ... Alzheimer's disease in adults. ANS: A PTS: 2 3. The aim of an experiment is not to prove that a hypothesis is correct. Rather, the aim is to demonstrate that it is highly probable that the hypothesis is correct. Researchers ask the question in the following way: "What is the probability that the results I have obtained could have been found by chance alone?" Hence, social psychology, like most other sciences, deals with probabilities rather than absolutes. Stephen Worchel, et al., Understanding Social Psychology, 5th edition a. Argument; conclusion: Researchers ask the question ... chance alone" b. Argument; conclusion: Social psychology ... probabilities rather than absolutes. c. Argument; conclusion: Rather, the aim ... probable that the hypothesis is correct. d. Argument; conclusion: The aim of an experiment ... the hypothesis is correct. e. Nonargument. ANS: B PTS: 2 4. If carbon dioxide levels have been rising for years, the polar ice caps are melting, the frequency and intensity of hurricanes is increasing, and the acidity of sea water is rising, then global warming is for real, it's not just a delusion of leftist thinking, and the nations of the world must unite to address the threat. a. Argument; conclusion: It's not just a delusion of leftist thinking. b. Argument; conclusion: The nations of the world must unite to address the threat. c. Argument; conclusion: The polar ice caps are melting. 34 d. Argument; conclusion: Global warming is for real. e. Nonargument. ANS: E PTS: 2 5. After having a part time job for more than a year, I have gotten used to the fact that the government takes money from me every two weeks to put toward Social Security. It isn't fair that I should pay for some old person's rent in Florida. Despite my dislike of the right wing, I find the idea of privatizing appealing. I would much rather keep that money to invest in mutual funds, stocks or my college education. Andy Irwin, Letter to the Editor a. Argument; conclusion: After having a part time job ... toward Social Security. b. Argument; conclusion: Despite my dislike ... of privatizing appealing. c. Nonargument. d. Argument; conclusion: I would much rather keep ... or my college education. e. Argument; conclusion: It isn't fair ... rent in Florida. ANS: C PTS: 2 6. Marketing to consumers via the Internet has many advantages for marketers. It allows products and services to be offered 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It allows products to be offered globally in an efficient manner. And it is cost efficient, saving the need for stores, paper catalogues, and sales people. J. Paul Peter and Jerry C. Olson, Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy a. Argument; conclusion: It allows products and services ... 7 days a week. b. Argument; conclusion: It allows products to be offered ... an efficient manner. c. Argument; conclusion: It is cost efficient ... and sales people. d. Nonargument. e. Argument; conclusion: Marketing to consumers ... for marketers. ANS: E PTS: 2 7. Hot peppers cause a burning sensation in the mouth because they contain a compound called capsaicin (or any of the related compounds called capsaicinoids). Capsaicin is an alkaline oil that binds to pain receptors in the mucous membrane. In some cases it produces excruciating agony. Drinking something acidic, like lemonade, helps to combat the burning. Anne Marie Helmenstine, About.com Guide to Chemistry a. Nonargument. b. Argument; conclusion: Capsaicin is an alkaline oil ... mucous membrane. c. Argument; conclusion: Hot peppers cause a burning sensation in the mouth. d. Argument; conclusion: Drinking something acidic ... combat the burning. e. Argument; conclusion: They contain a compound ... capsaicinoids). ANS: A PTS: 2 8. The ozone layer filters out harmful ultraviolet rays from sunlight before they can reach the surface of our planet and cause damage to humans and other life forms. Any substantial reduction in the amount of this ozone would threaten life as we know it. Consequently, the appearance of a large "hole" in the ozone layer over Antarctica represents a major environmental crisis. Colin Baird and Michael Cann, Environmental Chemistry, 3rd edition a. Argument; conclusion: Any substantial reduction ... life as we know it. b. Argument; conclusion: The appearance of a large ... environmental crisis. c. Argument; conclusion: The ozone layer ... surface of our planet. d. Argument; conclusion: The ozone layer ... and other life forms. e. Nonargument.