Midterm Exam NUR611 Questions and Answers (2024 Solutions) 1. What starts fertilization?: When the male and female gametes fuse 2. Supporting and protective structures of the embryo are?: Chorion, amnion, yolk sac, and allantois 3. Chorion: Forms outer wall of the blastocyst which gives rise to the placenta 4. Amnion: Innermost fetal membrane that holds amniotic fluid with fetus - End of 3rd month it fuses with chorion forming the amniochorionic sac or the bag of waters 5. Yolk sac: The yolk sac is a membranous sac attached to an embryo, formed by cells of the hypoblast layer of the bilaminar disc. In humans, the yolk sac is important in early embryonic blood supply, and much of it is incorporated into the primordial gut during the fourth week of embryonic development. 6. Allantois: Becomes the fetal urachus which connects the fetal bladder to the yolk sac (urachus removes nitrogenous waste from the fetal bladder). After birth the urachus is closed and becomes the median umbilical ligament. 7. Placenta previa and when it occurs in pregnancy: The blastocyst implants close to the internal os of the cervix so that later in development, the placenta bridges the opening and causes severe, even life-threatening bleeding in the second part of pregnancy and during delivery.
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