Complete Test Bank for Mosby’s Respiratory Care Equipment, 11th Edition by Cairo 32. 20° C equals how many Kelvin? a. 32° K c. 253° K b. 68° K d. 293° K ANS: D See Figure 1-3 in the textbook. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 33. How many degrees Celsius is 373° K? a. 32° C c. 273° C b. 100° C d. 341° C ANS: B See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 34. How many degrees Fahrenheit is 100° K? a. –331° F c. –173° F b. –279° F d. 212° F ANS: B See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 35. How many degrees Fahrenheit is 425° K? a. 152° F c. 306° F b. 274° F d. 698° F ANS: C See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 36. Which two of the following temperatures are not equal? 1. 15° C = 288° K 2. 98.6° C = 32° F 3. 20° F = –6.7° C 4. 100° C = 273° K a. 2 and 4 c. 3 and 4 b. 1 and 3 d. 1 and 2 ANS: A See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 37. How many degrees Celsius is 101° F? a. 24° C c. 38.3° C b. 145° C d. 56.1° C ANS: C See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 38. How many degrees Kelvin is 25° F? a. 298° K c. 269° K b. 277° K d. 266° K ANS: C See Box 1-3. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 39. How many millimeters of mercury is 25 cm H2O? a. 2.45 c. 188 b. 18.4 d. 34 ANS: B See Box 1-4. PTS: 1 REF: Page 27 40. How many kilopascals are equal to 15 mm Hg? a. 2 c. 153 b. 11 d. 1.47 ANS: A See Box 1-4. PTS: 1 REF: Page 27 41. A reduction in the force of gravity will cause the atmospheric pressure to: a. shift. c. decrease. b. increase. d. remain constant. ANS: C Atmospheric pressure is highest at sea level. An increase in altitude will cause atmospheric pressure to decrease, which leads to a decrease in the force of gravity. PTS: 1 REF: Page 24 42. What are the two opposing forces in a mercury barometer? a. The weight of the mercury column and the force of the gas molecules b. The weight of the mercury column and the spring tension c. The spring tension and the gas pressure d. The gravity and the gas pressure ANS: A In a mercury barometer the weight of a column of mercury must equilibrate with the force of the gas molecules. PTS: 1 REF: Page 28 43. The effects of buoyancy are best explained by: a. Archimedes principle. c. Dalton’s law. b. Bernoulli principle. d. Boyle’s law. ANS: A Buoyancy occurs when an object is submerged in water. The object feels lighter than it is above water. The Bernoulli principle, Dalton’s law, and Boyle’s law relate to how gases or fluids vary with changes in pressure, volume, or temperature. PTS: 1 REF: Page 29 44. Specific gravity is best described as which of the following? 1. A measure of density 2. An application of Archimedes principle 3. A measurement that can be performed on liquids only a. 1 c. 2 and 3 b. 1 and 2 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: B Specific gravity calculations use Archimedes principle in comparing a substance’s weight and density relative to a standard. The measurement of specific gravity can also be applied to gases. PTS: 1 REF: Page 30 45. Properties of a viscous liquid are: 1. Increased cohesive forces between its molecules 2. Low density 3. High density 4. Free flow a. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 4 b. 1, 2, and 4 d. 3 and 4 ANS: A Viscosity is influenced by the strength of the cohesive forces between the molecules and an object’s density. PTS: 1 REF: Page 31 46. Which of the following is least viscous? a. Plastic c. Metal b. Gelatin (e.g., Jell-O) d. Glass ANS: B Plastic, metal, and glass have cohesive forces between the molecules that are strong enough to prevent any movement under normal circumstances. Jell-O’s viscosity will increase with low temperatures and decrease as temperature rises. PTS: 1 REF: Page 32 47. A hydrometer is usually associated with measuring which of the following? 1. Hydrogen content 2. Specific gravity 3. Weight density 4. Water vapor a. 1 and 3 c. 2 and 3 b. 2 and 4 d. 1, 2, and 3 ANS: C Hydrometers are used to measure the weight density or specific gravity of liquids. PTS: 1 REF: Page 30 48. Viscosity has an influence on which of the following? 1. Laminar flow 2. Fluid mechanics 3. Sedimentary rate 4. Streamlined flow a. 1 c. 2 and 4 b. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, and 4 ANS: D Viscosity is an important factor to consider in conjunction with laminar flow, streamlined flow, and fluid mechanics. PTS: 1 REF: Page 31 49. Forces at the molecular interface between oil and water are known as _____ forces. a. van der Waals c. Cohesive b. Hydrostatic d. Adhesive ANS: C Surface tension is generated by the cohesive forces of molecules at a gas-liquid interface or at the interface of two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. Adhesive forces are attractive forces between two different kinds of molecules, and van der Waals forces are physical intermolecular forces that cause molecules to be attracted to each other. PTS: 1 REF: Page 31 50. Surface tension is present in a container with which of the following? a. Oxygen and hydrogen c. Water and chlorine b. Water and mercury d. Water and salt ANS: B When water and mercury are mixed together, they will separate into two distinct liquids because of surface tension. Oxygen and hydrogen will combine to form water. Both salt and chlorine will dissolve in water easily. PTS: 1 REF: Page 31 51. A small-diameter glass tube is placed upright in a container of mercury. The meniscus at the top of the column of mercury is convex. This demonstrates that the: a. cohesive forces of mercury are weak. b. cohesive forces of mercury are strong. c. adhesive forces within the mercury are strong. d. adhesive forces between the mercury and the glass are strong. ANS: B The cohesive forces within the mercury are stronger than the adhesive forces between the mercury and the glass. If the cohesive forces within the mercury were weaker than the adhesive forces, the meniscus would be concave. See Box 1-5. PTS: 1 REF: Page 32 52. According to the Système International d’Unités, surface tension is measured in: a. cc3 . c. lb/cc3 . b. lb/in2 . d. dyne/cm. ANS: D In the Système International d’Unités system of measurements, surface tension is measured in dyne per centimeter. PTS: 1 REF: Page 33 53. Which substance has the lowest surface tension? a. Water at 20° C c. Blood at 37° C b. Water at 37° C d. Ethyl alcohol at 20° C ANS: D See Table 1-2. PTS: 1 REF: Page 33 54. The surface tension of a liquid: a. does not vary with temperature. c. increases as temperature decreases. b. increases as temperature increases. d. decreases as temperature increases. ANS: D The surface tension of any given liquid varies inversely with its temperature. Adding heat to a liquid causes the molecules to move more vigorously and break the bonds that are holding them in liquid form. PTS: 1 REF: Page 33 55. According to Laplace’s law, if the surface tension of a sphere is doubled, what will happen to the pressure within the sphere? a. The pressure will decrease by one half. b. The pressure will increase by one half. c. The pressure will quadruple. d. The pressure will double. ANS: D
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