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Chapter 1-3 LearnSmart Nutrition for healthy living 5th edition schiff

Chapter 1-3 LearnSmart Nutrition for healthy living 5th edition schiff
Chapter 1-3 LearnSmart Nutrition for healthy living 5th edition schiff

Last updated 29 May 2026

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Nutrition for Healthy Living — Study Questions & Answers

Enhance your study experience with the Test Bank for Nutrition for Healthy Living, 5th Edition by Wendy Schiff. Access comprehensive, verified questions designed to help you master nutrition concepts efficiently

  1. The body gets nutrients from:

food

  1. A gram of protein contains ________ kilocalories per gram.

4

  1. Which of the following would be effective in decreasing a person's risk for premature death?

exercising regularly; consuming fruits and vegetables

  1. An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in:

body fat increases

  1. Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?

water

  1. ________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients.

nutrition

  1. Choose the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2020 for Nutrition and Weight Status.

increase the variety and intake of vegetables among people who are 2 years of age and older; reduce the proportion of obese children and adolescents; increase the proportion of adults who have a healthy weight

  1. Sustainable agriculture involves farming methods that:

do not harm the environment; do not deplete natural resources

  1. In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported:

there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment

  1. A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a __________ nutrient.

essential

  1. No specific food contains _________ the nutrients needed by the body.

all of

  1. The standard measurement used in nutrition is the:

metric

Access the complete Test Bank for Nutrition for Healthy Living, 6th Edition by Wendy Schiff. Comprehensive questions covering all chapters (1-13) designed to enhance your understanding and mastery of key nutrition concepts.

  1. What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and overnutrition?

malnutrition

  1. The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is:

constantly evolving

  1. ______ is the most essential nutrient.

water

  1. Which of the following are the major classes of nutrients?

lipids; carbohydrates; water

  1. Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are ________.

heart disease; cancer

  1. A product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake is called a(n):

dietary supplement

  1. Poor eating habits contribute to the development of:

some types of cancer, heart disease, excess body fat, type 2 diabetes

  1. Lipids contain ____ kcal per gram.

9

  1. Which term best describes a person's usual pattern of food choices?

diet

  1. The major role of carbohydrate is to provide the body with:

energy

  1. The effects of malnutrition can be devastating on the following stages of rapid growth:

childhood, infancy, pregnancy

  1. In the United States, what contributes to the development of diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease?

poor diet and sedentary lifestyle

  1. When a nutrient is missing or deficient in the diet, a _____ disease occurs.

deficiency

Test your knowledge further and ace your nutrition exam with more free and verified Nutrition Exam Practice Questions and Answers to help you study smarter and score higher.

  1. To convert pounds to kilograms, you will divide a person's weight in pounds by ________.

2.2 kg

  1. Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

minerals and vitamins

  1. Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called:

medical nutrition therapies

  1. T/F: Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but do not contain empty calories.

True

  1. Potential problems associated with undernutrition during pregnancy include:

premature births; death of mother

  1. Vitamins function in:

maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components

  1. Minerals function in:

regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues

  1. Water functions in:

regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances

  1. Lipids function as:

energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins

  1. The amount of a nutrient that allows the body to function optimally is called the ____ dose.

physiological

  1. How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?

7

  1. Nutrient toxicity may result from _______.

taking megadoses of supplements; eating large amounts of foods that are fortified

  1. A plant chemical that is not considered a nutrient but may provide health benefits is called a:

phytochemical

  1. Many ______ are antioxidants that may reduce risks of heart disease and certain cancers.

phytochemicals

  1. A dietary supplement is a product that contains:

amino acids; vitamins; minerals

  1. Infant formula may be diluted with ______ by poor parents trying to extend the use of the formula.

water

  1. T/F: On a food label, a Calorie is really a kilocalorie.

True

  1. A _____ is a unit of heat energy needed to raise one liter of water one degree Celsius.

kilocalorie

  1. A ____ is a nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities in the diet.

micronutrient

  1. Which of the following best describes a kilocalorie?

a unit describing the energy content of food

  1. By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may:

forestall the development of certain diseases; lessen the severity of a disease

  1. Breast milk is considered the best food for young infants because:

it is sanitary; it is nutritionally adequate; it provides immunity

  1. Having a family history of heart disease means that you have an increased chance of developing heart disease and is considered a _________ ________.

risk factor

  1. A person's way of living that includes patterns of behavior such as dietary practices and physical activity habits is called:

lifestyle

  1. Which of the following are examples of risk factors?

nutritional habits; heredity; smoking

  1. Reducing one's risk for heart disease and/or cancer can be achieved by:

limiting alcohol intake; maintaining a healthy weight; avoiding tobacco exposure

  1. Which of the following is the number one cause of preventable death?

smoking

  1. The typical American today consumes ______ fat, sugar, and total kilocalories than in 1970.

more

  1. Which of the following results in a loss of nutrients in a food?

refinement

  1. Heredity, lifestyle choices, and nutritional habits are all examples of:

risk factors

  1. It is more practical and less expensive to _____ a disease than to treat it.

prevent

  1. What is the term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount?

megadose

  1. The total of all chemical processes that occur in living cells.

metabolism

  1. T/F: Most foods are predominantly one nutrient.

False

  1. Which of the following are considered macronutrients?

carbohydrates; proteins; fats

  1. Malnourished children are especially susceptible to _______.

measles

  1. Which term describes a food or beverage that is a poor source of micronutrients in relation to its energy value?

empty-calorie

  1. The endosperm is mostly:

starch

  1. Phytochemicals:

may have healthful benefits

  1. Lena weighs 165 pounds. What is her weight in kilograms?

75 kg

  1. An antioxidant is a(n):

substance that protects cell components from being damaged or destroyed

  1. Which of the following foods is energy and nutrient dense?

peanut butter

  1. Which of the following is not one of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States?

tuberculosis

  1. Which of the following is a rich source of phytochemicals?

peaches

  1. The nutrients that provide energy are:

proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

  1. Diet is a:

pattern of food choices

  1. A(n) ____________ is a personal endorsement of a product. These endorsements are biased and often found in advertisements for various products.

testimonial

  1. The most reliable nutrition advice is based on:

research

  1. Observational epidemiological research includes:

cohort studies; case-control studies

  1. Which types of studies cannot establish cause and effect?

epidemiological

  1. When two variables have a relationship they are said to be in ______ with each other, but you cannot say there is a cause and effect relationship.

correlation

  1. Before an article can be published, a critical analysis of the article is conducted by fellow research colleagues. This process is called _______ _______.

peer review

  1. Researchers from Cornell University have written a manuscript about the impact of soy consumption on breast cancer risk. Which of the following people is best qualified to be a peer reviewer of the manuscript before it is published?

a researcher from the University of Illinois who specialized in soy research, but did not collaborate on the study

  1. T/F: The dynamic and rapidly advancing field of nutrition necessitates that scientists change their recommendations in the light of new, substantiated findings.

True

  1. Cohort studies can be retrospective or ________:

prospective

  1. A college-trained health-care professional who has extensive knowledge of foods and nutrition is called a:

registered dietitian (RD) / registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN)

  1. Organize the basic steps of experimental epidemiological research in order from start to finish.

1. Make observations; 2. Develop a hypothesis; 3. Design the study and perform tests; 4. Analyze data and draw conclusions; 5. Share results with peers

  1. Which of the following are suggestions to help consumers make healthful and logical nutrition decisions?

avoid practitioners who prescribe unnecessary megadoses of nutrients; apply healthy nutrition practices to confirm or disprove claims; examine the scientific credentials of the individual or company making a claim; read the product labels carefully

  1. Consumers need to be skeptical of nutrition and health-related claims because:

promoters of worthless nutrition products are good marketers; nutrition misinformation can be spread through a variety of sources; the FDA cannot prevent the spread of misinformation published

  1. A _______ is a factor such as a person's age, weight, or environment that can change and influence an outcome.

variable

  1. Consumers are often unaware that:

the FDA evaluates supplements as foods, not medication

  1. _______ assignment of subjects to groups in a research study helps to ensure that members of treatment and control groups have similar characteristics. This enhances the validity of the study results.

random

  1. The use of dietary supplements ______ be shared with your doctor.

should

  1. A valid experiment requires both a treatment and ______ group.

control

  1. John telling his friend that taking a new weight loss pill helped him effectively lose weight is an example of _____ information.

anecdotal

  1. Evidence-based information is supported by:

scientific studies

  1. Nutrition misinformation, or nutrition fiction, _______.

promotes purchase of special products; uses personal testimonials; is widespread in our culture

  1. A drug:

may be natural or man-made; is a substance that alters body functions; may have beneficial as well as harmful effects

  1. Nutrient deficiency diseases are a result of:

poor diets; lack of proper nutrition

  1. Which of the following are true statements about medical herbs?

they should be treated as drugs; they interact negatively with medications; they can have negative interactions with other herbs

  1. Use of dietary supplements, especially medicinal herbs, should be shared with health care providers because:

herbal ingredients may interact with prescription medications or other dietary supplements

  1. People who take certain herbal products or use other unconventional medical therapies to prevent or treat diseases are often convinced the products and treatments are effective, despite the general lack of scientific evidence to support their beliefs. Such personal findings may be examples of:

placebo effect

  1. A _______ group, which receives no treatment, allows researchers to determine if an experimental treatment has any effect.

control

  1. A(n) ______ is a systematic way of testing a hypothesis.

experiment

  1. Credible nutrition information includes ________.

bias-free presentation of the research

  1. T/F: Studying the different dietary practices and disease occurrences among populations, nutrition scientists may learn much about the influence of diet on health.

True

  1. Dietary supplements are also referred to as _____:

nutraceuticals

  1. Experimental epidemiological studies utilize:

treatment group; control group

  1. Which of the following are examples of whole foods?

fruits; vegetables; whole-grain cereals

  1. An inert ingredient does not produce any measurable physical changes. What type of treatment pill contains inert substances and does not produce any measurable physical changes?

placebo

  1. Which of the following are ways to be a careful consumer of nutrition information from the internet?

search multiple websites; do not trust information on websites that do not indicate valid sources; avoid websites that provide online diagnoses and treatments

  1. T/F: Botanical products can evoke allergic and inflammatory reactions because they often contain pollens.

True

  1. Which of the following are examples of dietary supplements?

echinacea; fish oil

  1. A type of epidemiological study where researchers observe a population and collect data over time is called a ______ study.

cohort

  1. Generally, a sham medicine or treatment used to mimic the treatments given to the participants in an experiment is called a(n):

placebo

  1. One of the best sources to consult with in order to solve nutrition imbalances is a:

registered dietician

  1. The participants in an experiment who are NOT given the treatment being tested are known as the _______ group.

control

  1. A website that is authored or sponsored by one person tends to provide _____ information.

biased

  1. Which of the following studies involve human subjects?

observational studies; experimental (intervention) studies

  1. The ___ is the federal agency responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of new medications.

FDA

  1. A person in a scientific experiment who receives a non-placebo drug is a member of the _____ group.

experimental

  1. Major nutrition organizations put together a list of red flags that signal poor nutrition advice. These include which of the following?

recommendations based on a single study; claims that sound too good to be true; recommendations that promise a quick fix

  1. _______ is the presentation of information masquerading as factual and obtained by scientific methods.

pseudoscience

  1. Experiments using whole, living organisms are classified as:

in vivo experiments

  1. Using a copper bracelet to treat arthritis is an example of:

quackery

  1. A group of scientists observe a group of college students over 4 years to determine which of their characteristics leads to weight gain. This study is an example of:

a prospective study

  1. Comparing individuals with iron-deficiency anemia to individuals who have very similar characteristics but are healthy would be an example of:

a case-control study

  1. Generally, epidemiology studies:

cannot determine cause and effect relationships

  1. The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the:

federal trade commission (FTC)

  1. Which of the following websites is most likely to provide biased and unreliable nutrition information?

a site that promotes or sells dietary supplements (.com)

  1. Which of the following substances would be classified as a dietary supplement according to the Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994?

ginseng

  1. Since the Pima Indians have adopted a more "western diet," obesity and type 2 diabetes is:

more common

  1. The nutrition facts panel:

indicates the % daily value of some food constituents; indicates serving amounts; lists certain food constituents

  1. The ________ ________ _______ _____ is the standard representing the highest average amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to be harmful when consumed daily.

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

  1. Your diet is likely to be nutritionally adequate if your average daily intake for each nutrient meets the nutrient's ____ or AI value.

RDA

  1. Which of the following dietary guides were inspired by the Food Guide Pyramid?

Mediterranean diet pyramids; Asian diet pyramids

  1. Generally speaking, the typical American diet ____ comply with the USDA's dietary guidelines.

does not

  1. The Exchange System was originally developed to assist those with:

diabetes

  1. ______ depicts the key elements of a healthy diet. It emphasizes the fruit, vegetable, grain, protein, and dairy food groups. The goal is to remind consumers to think about building a healthy plate at meal times and to learn more about healthy eating.

MyPlate

  1. Dietary analysis software programs and websites can be quick and easy tools for determining:

the energy content of foods; the nutrient content of foods

  1. Judy wants to find out the amount of a specific nutrient needed to sustain good health. She initially checks the RDA requirements and cannot locate that nutrient. Her next step is to:

check AI standards

  1. A(n) _____ is the amount of the nutrient that should meet the needs of 50% of the healthy people who are in a particular life stage/gender group.

EAR

  1. The average daily energy intake that meets the needs of a healthy person maintaining his weight is the:

EER (estimated energy requirement)

  1. What term is used to describe a nutrient recommendation when nutrition scientists are unable to develop RDAs for nutrients due to a limited body of research on the nutrient (this is part of the Dietary Reference Intakes)?

AI

  1. Traditional Asian foods generally feature large amounts of:

vegetables and rice or noodles

  1. _______ foods are foods produced without the use of antibiotics, hormones, or synthetic fertilizers or pesticides.

organic

  1. ____ calorie foods are ones that are high in solid fats and/or added sugar. They provide calories, but few to no nutrients. Some examples are cookies, cakes, sodas, pizzas, and candy.

empty

  1. To prevent unwanted weight gain one should:

stay within daily calorie needs; increase physical activity

  1. Authentic Mexican meals are based primarily on:

tortillas; rice; beans

  1. The traditional Asian dietary pattern is lacking in ______:

calcium-rich foods

  1. A way to reduce calorie intake is to eat smaller amounts of food included in the ________ ______ allowance or eliminate them altogether.

empty calorie

  1. It is important to keep ____ under control so that you can eat a balanced and varied diet without consuming more calories, fat, cholesterol, sugar, and sodium than you need.

portion size

  1. The basic premise of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans includes which of the following statements?

the Dietary Guidelines are designed to promote good health and reduce the risk of major nutrition-related chronic health conditions

  1. Increase physical ______ and reduce time spent in __________ behaviors in order to balance calories to manage weight.

activity; sedentary

  1. A(n) _______ describes the role a nutrient or dietary supplement plays in maintaining a structure, such as bone, or promoting a normal function, such as digestion.

structure/function claim

  1. Which statement is true?

moderation applies to all food groups

  1. The general requirements that must be met before a health claim can be made for a food product include:

the food must be a good source of fiber, protein, vitamin A, calcium, or iron; the claim may describe the relationship between the product and disease

  1. Examples of soul foods include:

black-eyed peas; sweet potato pie

  1. A _______ is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health.

requirement

  1. Which of the following best describes Dietary Reference Intakes?

umbrella term for various nutrient recommendations set by the Food and Nutrition Board

  1. Which of the following is true about trans fat?

keep trans fat as low as possible

  1. Sodium intake should be limited to less than _____ per day.

2300 mg

  1. Which is true about the percent Daily Value used on the Nutrition Facts label?

it shows how a single serving compares to the Daily Value

  1. What are the appropriate uses of the DRI standards?

to reduce the risk of nutrient deficiencies; to prevent disease; to achieve optimal health; to ensure that one specific nutrient is not over consumed

  1. Fortification:

the addition of nutrients to foods that are normally not present, designed to increase the nutrient content of the food

  1. Enrichment:

the replacement of some nutrients that are lost during processing

  1. The amount of a nutrient that should meet the needs of half of the healthy people in a particular group is the:

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

  1. The Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) is:

based on the average daily energy needs of a healthy person

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