Test Bank Porth Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 10th Canadian Edition

Test Bank Porth Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 10th Canadian Edition

Ch 1- Concepts of Health and Disease

1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused

on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments

made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a

good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.

A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book

reviews and word games during social time

B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care

facilities

C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with

diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking

classes

D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis

sessions

E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children

Ans: A, B, C, E

Feedback:

The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and

social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging in

book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate

physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating

physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital

in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.

2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large

variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is

referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which

would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?

A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American

descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.

B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to

hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.

C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.

D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many

health care facilities.

Ans: B

Feedback:

In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using

alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and

promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and

promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access to

health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels

within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the “attaining lives

free of preventable disease and premature death” determinant. 

3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,

university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation

between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.

Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of

molecules that cause disease?

A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of 

packed red blood cells

B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from 

familial hypercholesterolemia

C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen 

therapy and chest physiotherapy

D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and 

is HIV positive.

Ans: D

Feedback:

PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle

cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the

effects of abnormal molecules. 

4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a

number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following 

aspects of clients' situations b

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ogenesis rather than etiology?

A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium 

B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis

C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning

D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident

Ans: B

Feedback:

Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as the

increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and

traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.