Test bank for Pathophysiology 5th Edition by Copstead and Banasik

01: Introduction to Pathophysiology

Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of an iatrogenic disease?

a.                                      An inherited disorder

b.                                     A combination of specific etiological factors

c.                                      An unwanted effect of a prescribed drug

d.                                     Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment

2. The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the:

a.                                     subjective feelings of discomfort during a chronic illness.

b.                                     signs and symptoms of a disease.

c.                                     factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.

d.                                    early indicators of the prodromal stage of infection.

ANS: B REF: 6

3. The best definition of the term prognosis is the:

a.                              precipitating factors causing an acute episode.

b.                             number of remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness.

c.                              predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery from a specific disease.

d.                             exacerbations occurring during chronic illness.

ANS: C REF: 7

4. Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?

a.                                                                                        Swelling of the knee

b.                                                                                        Fever

c.                                                                                        Pain in the neck

d.                                                                                       Red rash on the face

5. Etiology is defined as the study of the:

a.                                                         causes of a disease.

b.                                                         course of a disease.

c.                                                         expected complications of a disease.

d.                                                        manifestations of a disease.

ANS: A REF: 5

6. A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell size is referred to as:

a.                                                                                                                     hypertrophy.

b.                                                                                                                     metaplasia.

c.                                                                                                                     anaplasia.

d.                                                                                                                    atrophy.

ANS: D REF: 8

7. A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic figures would be called:

a.                                                                                                                     metaplasia.

b.                                                                                                                     atrophy.

c.                                                                                                                     dysplasia.

d.                                                                                                                    hypertrophy.

8. A deficit of oxygen in the cells usually due to respiratory or circulatory problems is called:

a.                                                                                                                     apoptosis.

b.                                                                                                                     ischemia.

c.                                                                                                                     hypertrophy.

d.                                                                                                                    necrosis.

ANS: B REF: 9

9. When a group of cells in the body dies, the change is called:

a.                                                                                                                                       ischemia.

b.                                                                                                                                      gangrene.

c.                                                                                                                                       hypoxia.

d.                                                                                                                                      necrosis.

ANS: D REF: 10

d.                                            malignant neoplasm.

ANS: D REF: 9

12. To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer?

a.                                                     Increased rate of mitosis by certain cells

b.                                                    Ischemic damage to cells

c.                                                     Liquefaction of necrotic tissue

d.                                                    Preprogrammed cell self-destruction

ANS: D REF: 9

13. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a.                                            Alteration of DNA does not change cell function.

b.                                            Damaged cells may be able to repair themselves.

c.                                            All types of cells die at the same rate.

d.                                           Mild ischemia causes immediate cell death.

14. Caseation necrosis refers to an area where:

a.                                                    cell proteins have been denatured.

b.                                                   cell are liquefied by enzymes.

c.                                                    dead cells form a thick cheesy substance.

d.                                                   bacterial invasion has occurred.

ANS: C REF: 10

15. Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of:

a.                                                                    an iatrogenic cause of cancer.

b.                                                                   a preventive measure.

c.                                                                    a precipitating factor.

d.                                                                   a predisposing condition.

ANS: B REF: 6

16. A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed:

a.                                                                                          latent stage.

b.                                                                                          predisposing factor.

c.                                                                                          incidence.

d.                                                                                         precipitating factor.

17. The term homeostasis refers to:

a.                                               the causative factors in a particular disease.

b.                                               maintenance of a stable internal environment.

c.                                               a condition that triggers an acute episode.

d.                                              a collection of signs and symptoms.

ANS: B REF: 2

18. Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after the original disease has been established?

a.                                                                                                            Symptoms

b.                                                                                                            Occurrence

c.                                                                                                            Manifestations

d.                                                                                                           Complication

ANS: D REF: 7

19. Pathophysiology involves the study of:

a.                                  the structure of the human body.

b.                                  the functions of various organs in the body.

c.                                  functional or structural changes resulting from disease processes.

d.                                 various cell structures and related functions.

20. Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology?

a.                             The science of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases

b.                            The relative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease

c.                             Identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms

d.                            The global search for emerging diseases

ANS: A REF: 7