Test Bank for Human Development A Life-Span View, 9th Edition by Robert V. Kail; John C. Cavanaugh

1. The scientific study of human development can best be described as *a. multidisciplinary b. focused on groups rather than individuals c. non-theoretical d. emphasizing stability over change 2. Which term does not belong in this group? a. experiential b. nurture c. environmental *d. hereditary 3. Dr. Kim takes a strong nature position with regard to the origins of intellectual disabilities. Therefore, she would most likely hypothesize that her son’s intellectu al disability (formally known as mental retardation) is due to a. her parenting style *b. his genes c. his exposure to a toxic chemical prior to birth d. his exposure to Rubella prior to birth 4. The notion that development is best described in terms of a series of abrupt s hifts in behavior best fits with the approach. a. nature b. nurture c. continuity *d. discontinuity 5. Cleo, a director of a daycare, uses terms like “pre-K,” “K-3,” and the “upper-ele mentary.” These ideas are most compatible with a view. a. context-specificity b. hereditary c. continuity *d. discontinuity 6. Dr. Fletcher is attempting to determine whether adult criminals were rule-breakers throughout their childhood or whether they suddenly turned to a life of crime. Her research is most concerned with which issue of human development? a. nature versus nurture b. universal versus context-specific development c. biological versus sociocultural forces *d. continuity versus discontinuity 7. Mustafa is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the sa me way in Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. Mustafa’s research deals primarily with the issue of human development. a. psychological versus biological forces *b. universal versus context-specific development c. nature versus nurture d. continuity versus discontinuity 8. When Clarisse says, “It doesn’t matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are kids,” she is espousing a position concerning human development. a. discontinuous *b. universal c. nurture d. context-specific 9. Viviana notices that children seem to mature socially much faster in Costa Ric a than in the Canada. Viviana is most likely to support a position regarding human development. a. nature b. discontinuous *c. context-specific d. continuous 10. Lotte is listening to a lecture in which her professor states, “Genetic and cult ural factors are important, but they alone cannot explain the development of hum an beings.” Lotte’s professor seems to be supporting the *a. biopsychosocial framework b. position that development is continuous c. notion of universality d. concept of discontinuity 11. Because Dr. Bryant is interested in researching how people of different ages are affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Bryant is most interested in studying forces. a. psychological b. biological *c. life-cycle d. sociocultural 12. When asked why her sister Yvonne ended up in jail, Penny says, “She was al ways a mean, aggressive person. She really liked hurting people.” Penny is relyingon forces to explain Yvonne’s development. a. sociocultural b. normative age-graded c. normative history-graded *d. psychological 13. Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human development. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? *a. cognition b. brain maturation c. menopause d. exercise