Test Bank For Community & Public Health Nursing- Promoting the Publics Health by Allender , Judith 8th edition

Community & Public Health Nursing- Promoting the Public's Health by Allender , Judith 8th edition 1. A group of students are reviewing the various historical events associated with the evolution of community health nursing in preparation for a test. They identify the time from 1970 to the present as the era known as community health nursing based on the understanding that which of the following influences contributed most to this change? A) The settings and the nurses delivering health care in the community B) Decisions made by the American Nurses Association C) Decisions made by physicians in a variety of community settings D) The demand to eliminate the word “public” from health services Ans: A Feedback: The numbers, increasing variety of settings, and many nurses coming to work in the community settings since the 1970s have contributed most significantly to the change. As a result, professional associations supported the broader term of community health nursing. Physician decisions played no role in the change. The term public health nursing still remains. 2. Before the mid-1800s, early home care nursing was best recognized by which of the following? A) Technical advances with the Industrial Revolution making major changes B) Care provided by family members, friends, and religious groups in the home C) Accomplishments stemming from the work of Florence Nightingale D) Formal organization of visiting nursing to provide care to the sick poor Ans: B Feedback: Before the mid-1800s, early home care was characterized by care of the sick in the home by family members, friends, and religious groups. Technical advances came after 1850, as did the work of Florence Nightingale and the formal organization of visiting nurses to provide care to the sick poor. 3. Community health nursing has a long history of contributing to the health of populations. Which of the following forms of service would the nurse identify as being most recent? A) Voluntary home nursing care for the sick poor via district nursing B) Care provided termed public health nursing C) Lay and religious groups providing care to the sick poor in their homes D) Focus on populations with community health nursing seen as a specialty field Ans: D Feedback: The four stages of community health nursing followed from lay and religious groups providing care in the early years before 1850, the more specialized “health nurses” or district nursing after the mid-1800s, concern for the health of the general public from 1900s to 1970, and finally community health nursing as a specialty with a focus on populations since 1970. Page 2 4. Which factor was the most significant feature associated with district nursing? A) Caring for the sick B) Teaching hygiene and cleanliness C) Preventing illness D) Gathering statistical data Ans: B Feedback: Although district nurses primarily cared for the sick, they also taught cleanliness and wholesome living to their clients. This early emphasis on prevention and health became one of the distinguishing features of district nursing and later of public health nursing. Preventing illness and gathering statistical data were key contributions of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War of the early 1850s. 5. In their early stages, district nursing was sponsored by which of the following? A) Religious organizations B) Private philanthropy C) Contributions D) Public funding Ans: A Feedback: Early district nursing services were founded by religious organizations that served as their sponsors. Later sponsorship shifted to private philanthropy. Funding came from contributions and fees charged to clients on an ability-to-pay basis. Finally, visiting nursing began to be supported by public money. 6. Which of the following would characterize the public health stage of community health nursing? A) Voluntary health agencies emphasizing disease prevention B) Family considered as the primary unit of care C) Service provision to the sick poor population D) Primary health care as the key to health for all Ans: B Feedback: The public health nursing stage was characterized by service to the public, with the family targeted as a primary unit of care. Official health agencies, which placed a greater emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion, provided the chief institutional base. Primary health care as the key to health for all characterizes the community health nursing stage.