Study guide 1 for PUB2601

PUB2601/1 Department of public administration and management Rights and Obligations in Public Administration UNISA INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................vii 1 General introduction ...................................................................................vii 1.1 The extent of the study guide .........................................................................vii 1.2 Legislation as source documents ...................................................................vii 1.3 Activities ........................................................................................................viii 2 Study hints..................................................................................................viii 2.1 Method is important.......................................................................................viii 3 A few additional hints ..................................................................................ix 3.1 It’s all about insight......................................................................................... ix 3.2 Understanding words and concepts ............................................................... ix 3.3 Understand the big picture .............................................................................. x 3.4 Repeat!............................................................................................................ x 3.5 Study environment........................................................................................... x 3.6 Concentration .................................................................................................. x 3.7 Fitness............................................................................................................ xi 3.8 Proper planning and use of time..................................................................... xi 3.9 Writing exams................................................................................................. xi THEME 1: NATURE OF RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS...........................................1 1 Key case study ..............................................................................................2 Background................................................................................................................2 STUDY UNIT 1: A MODEL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION...................................4 1 Introduction....................................................................................................4 2 What is “public administration”?.................................................................4 3 The Public Administration Model.................................................................5 4 Elements of public administration...............................................................5 4.1 Society.............................................................................................................7 4.2 Government.....................................................................................................7 4.3 Private sector...................................................................................................8 4.4 The constitution ...............................................................................................8 4.5 The global village.............................................................................................9 4.6 Environmental factors......................................................................................9 5 Review ..........................................................................................................11 STUDY UNIT 2: UNDERSTANDING RIGHTS........................................................13 1 Introduction..................................................................................................13 2 What is a right?............................................................................................13 2.1 Justification of rights ......................................................................................15 2.2 Classification of rights....................................................................................17 3 Rights in public administration..................................................................20 3.1 The constitution and rights ............................................................................20 4 Review ..........................................................................................................21 STUDY UNIT 3: THE CONVERSE OF RIGHTS: OBLIGATIONS..........................22 1 Introduction..................................................................................................22 2 Meaning and nature of obligations ............................................................22 2.1 Obligations and rights....................................................................................23 2.2 Classification of obligations ...........................................................................25 3 Obligations in practice................................................................................27 4 Review ..........................................................................................................27 THEME 2: THE ORIGIN OF THE STATE...............................................................29 Overview .................................................................................................................29 STUDY UNIT 4: SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY OF THE STATE ........................31 1 Introduction..................................................................................................31 2 What is theory..............................................................................................31 3 Theory of the state in Public Administration ............................................32 3.1 Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679).......................................................................32 3.2 John Locke (1623–1704)...............................................................................35 3.3 Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778)..........................................................37 3.4 Immanuel Kant (1724–1804).........................................................................38 4 Social contract theory in public administration........................................39 5 Review ..........................................................................................................42 THEME 3: Role-players in public administration................................................43 Overview .................................................................................................................43 STUDY UNIT 5: THE STATE..................................................................................45 1 Introduction..................................................................................................45 2 What is a state? ...........................................................................................45 3 Principles determining the status of a state .............................................47 3.1 Demarcated geographical area .....................................................................47 3.2 Permanent population ...................................................................................48 3.3 Sovereignty of nations ...................................................................................50 3.4 Independent political entity ............................................................................51 3.5 International recognition ................................................................................51 4 Key role-players in a state ..........................................................................52 4.1 The government ............................................................................................52 4.2 The governed ................................................................................................53 4.3 The Constitution ............................................................................................55 5 Review ..........................................................................................................57 STUDY UNIT 6: AUTHORITY AND THE CONSTITUTION....................................58 1 Introduction..................................................................................................58 2 Power and authority in society...................................................................58 2.1 What is power?..............................................................................................59 2.2 What is authority?..........................................................................................59 3 Role of constitutions...................................................................................60 3.1 What is a constitution? ..................................................................................60 3.2 Nature and purpose of constitutions..............................................................61 3.3 Constitution of the Republic of South Africa ..................................................63 3.4 Public officials and the Constitution...............................................................69 4 Review ..........................................................................................................70 STUDY UNIT 7: SOCIETY......................................................................................71 1 Introduction..................................................................................................71 2 What is a society? .......................................................................................71 2.1 Components of society ..................................................................................72 3 Private sector in society .............................................................................73 4 Elections and political parties....................................................................76 4.1 Purpose of elections ......................................................................................77 4.2 Political parties ..............................................................................................77 5 Review ..........................................................................................................79 STUDY UNIT 8: GOVERNMENT............................................................................80 1 Introduction..................................................................................................80 2 What is government? ..................................................................................80 2.1 Forms of government ....................................................................................81 3 Institutions of government .........................................................................82 3.1 Authority institutions ......................................................................................82 3.2 Geographic division spheres .........................................................................86 4 Review ..........................................................................................................90 THEME 4: SOCIAL CONTRACTS IN PRACTICE..................................................91 Overview .................................................................................................................91 STUDY UNIT 9: PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS OF SOCIAL CONTRACTS ..........92 1 Introduction..................................................................................................92 2 Concept of the global village......................................................................92 2.1 Social globalisation........................................................................................92 2.2 Economic globalisation..................................................................................93 2.3 Political globalisation .....................................................................................93 2.4 Impact on the public official ...........................................................................94 3 The United Nations: Agenda 21..................................................................94 4 The OAU .......................................................................................................94 4.1 The contract...................................................................................................94 5 Southern African Development Community (SADC)................................96 5.1 Objectives......................................................................................................97 6 NEDLAC .......................................................................................................97 7 Review ..........................................................................................................97 LIST OF SOURCES.................................................................................................99