Chapter 7 Symptoms and Syndromes

Chapter 7 Symptoms and Syndromes

Chapter 7: Symptoms and Syndromes 1. Which cranial nerve should be assessed in the examination for disorders of the face? 1. Cranial nerve III 2. Cranial nerve V 3. Cranial nerve VII 4. Cranial nerve IX - 1. Answer: 3 Page: 127 Feedback 1. Cranial nerve III: oculomotor. This nerve is also known as the common ocular motor nerve. It controls eye movement and is also responsible for pupil size. It originates in the midbrain. 2. Cranial nerve V: trigeminal. This nerve's function is to carry sensitive information to the face and convey information for the chewing process. The sensory fibers convey sensations of touch, pain, and temperature from the front of the head, including the mouth and the meninges. 3. Cranial nerve VII: facial. This nerve should be assessed in the examination for disorders of the face. It consists of several nerve fibers that perform different functions, like ordering the muscles of the face to create facial expressions, as well as sending signals to the salivary and lacrimal glands. 4. Cranial nerve IX: glossopharyngeal. This nerve's influence lies in the tongue and pharynx. It collects information from the taste buds (tongue) and sensory information from the pharynx. 2. Which of the following medical specialists deals with the diagnosing of visual impairments and conditions? 1. Ophthalmologist 2. Optometrist 3. Otolaryngologists 4. Podiatrist - 2. Answer: 1 Page: 129 Feedback 1. An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who specializes in eye and vision care. An ophthalmologist diagnoses and treats all eye diseases, performs eye surgery, and prescribes and fits eyeglasses and contact lenses to correct vision problems. 2. An optometrist is an eye doctor who has earned the doctor of optometry (OD) degree. Optometrists examine eyes for both vision and health problems, and correct refractive errors by prescribing eyeglasses and contact lenses. 3. Otolaryngologists are physicians trained in the medical and surgical management, and treatment of patients with diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, and throat, and related structures of the head and neck. 4. A podiatrist is a medical doctor devoted to the study and medical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, and lower extremities. 3. Which of the following conditions is signaled by bleeding from the nose? 1. Rhinitis 2. Telangiectasia 3. Retinopathy 4. Epistaxis - 3. Answer: 4 Page: 130 Feedback 1. Rhinitis is inflammation of the nose. Symptoms of rhinitis include runny nose (rhinorrhea), nasal itching, nasal congestion, and sneezing. 2. Telangiectasia, also known as spider veins, are small dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. These dilated blood vessels can develop anywhere on the body but are commonly seen on the face around the nose, cheeks, and chin. 3. Retinopathy is a disease of the retina that results in impairment or loss of vision. 4. Epistaxis is a condition signaled by bleeding from the nose and is the result of a spontaneous rupture of a blood vessel in the anterior septum. Causes include, but are not limited to, trauma, irritation or inflammation of the nasal mucosa, a septal defect, or paranasal tumors. 4. Mr. Jones, a 70-year-old male, visits the urgent care and presents symptoms of unilateral eye pain, visual blurring with halos around lights, red eye, and photophobia. He also reports nausea and vomiting. Visual acuity shows a loss in the affected eye. He is immediately referred for a complete ophthalmic examination. Which of the following conditions may Mr. Jones be experiencing? 1. Acute glaucoma