Chapter 17 Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Chapter 17 Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders 1. The nurse practitioner is conducting a health of older adults in-service with a group of older adults at a community center. The first concept she presents is a definition of chronic illness. Which of the following is the best definition? 1. A situation that considers the meaning of the more than one long-term illness on the patient, family, and provider. 2. A condition that requires medical attention for at least 6 months. 3. Any condition that requires time-limited adjustments. 4. There is only one definition of chronic illness. - 1. Answer: 1 Page: 474 Feedback 1. Definitions of chronic disease also reflect the pathophysiology of disease and, more importantly, consider the meaning of chronic illness and the experience of the patient, family, and provider as they struggle to cope with the range of mildly complicated to extreme challenges. 2. One definition of chronic conditions is: "conditions lasting 1 year or more and requiring ongoing medical attention and the limiting of activities of daily living (ADLs)." 3. Chronic disease or a chronic condition is also defined as any condition that requires ongoing adjustments by the affected person and requires periodic interaction with the health-care system. 4. The literature does not support a single uniform definition for chronic disease, but the concept of chronicity includes the knowledge that patients experience persistent and recurring health problems. 2. The nurse practitioner is speaking to a group of student nurses about the causes of death of older adults. Which of the following statements is true regarding mortality and morbidity of people older than 65 years? 1. Seventy percent of the cohort older than 65 years dies of chronic conditions. 2. Conditions that contribute to significant chronic illness include fractures. 3. The number one cause of death of both older men and women is heart disease. 4. Dyslipidemia is the leading cause of mortality of people over 65 years of age. - 2. Answer: 1 Page: 474 Feedback 1. Seven of every ten deaths in the United States are caused by chronic conditions. Heart disease, cancer, COPD, and stroke are the leading causes of death, with heart disease as the number one cause of death among both men and women. 2. Heart disease, cancer, COPD, and stroke are the leading causes of death, along with heart disease, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. 3. Heart disease is the number one cause of death among both men and women.4. The most common chronic disease in the population age 65 years and older is dyslipidemia (41%). 3. While teaching a family about the risks of chronic illness for James, who is 69 years old and the patriarch of the family, the nurse practitioner includes which of the following information? 1. The American Heart Association reports that there is an increase in cardiovascular disease with low levels of smoking, excluding second-hand smoke. 2. Drinking high levels of alcohol contributes to an increase in chronic obstructive lung disease. 3. Obesity is correlated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes. 4. The lower the body mass index (BMI) the lower the risk of chronic illness. - 3. Answer: 3 Page: 475