BIO 101 Class 2 Notes updated 2020
Evolution
o The unity of life is based on DNA and a common genetic code
The diversity of life arises from differences in DNA sequences
Life has a unity and diversity
o The diversity of life can be arranged into 3 domains
Bacteria are the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes
Single celled ??
Archeae are prokaryotes that often live in Earth’s extreme environments
Single celled with no nuclei
Eukarya have eukaryotic cells and include
Single-celled protists and
Multicellular fungi, animals, and plants
o 1.7 Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life
From his observations, Darwin inferred
Individuals with heritable traits best suited to environment more likely
to survive and reproduce
This unequal reproductive success over many generations, an
increasing proportion of individuals with advantageous traits
Result: evolutionary adaptation, accumulation of favorable traits in a
population over time
o Same adaptations would only occur with same weather and
outside factors
o 1.11 EVOLUTION CONNECTION: evolution is connected to our everyday lives
Human-caused environmental changeare powerful selective forces that affect
the evolution of many species, including
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Pesticide-resistant bacteria
Endangered species, and
Increasing rates of extinction
o Technology evolves by the same kinda process, natural selection
by consumers
New variations don’t come about from climate changes, climate
changes simply bring out already occurring adaptations
Molecules
o Objectives
Explain how a cell can make large molecules from a small set of molecules
Define polysaccharides and explain their functions
Define lipids, and explain their functions
Describe the chemical structure of proteins and their importance