ATI RN Maternal Child Health Growth and Development NCLEX Review Questions

ATI RN Maternal Child Health Growth and Development NCLEX Review Questions

1 Q When does wt double by and triple by? A Doubles by 6 month Triples by 1 year 2 Q When anterior and posterior fontanelsclose? A Posterior - 2 months (6-8 weeks) Anterior- 12-18 months 3 Q If a parent is unable to stay with the toddler when ill, encourage him or her to A designate another family member, such as a grandparent. 4 Q At birth, infants are dominated by biological needs and drives. The reliability and quality of their relationship with caregivers will influence the extent to which they develop a sense of trust (or mistrust) in others, themselves, and the world in general. The virtue of hope is associated with this stage. A Trust Versus Mistrust (Infancy) 0- 18 months 5 Q Social demands for self-control and bodily regulation (toilet training) influence feelings of self-efficacy versus self-doubt. The quality of will, the willful selfdiscipline to do what is expected and expectable, emerges at stage two. A Stage 2: Autonomy Versus Doubt and Shame (Early Childhood) 18 months-3 years? 6 Q Here children begin actively exploring their environment. Will they sense guilt about these self-initiated activities, or will they feel justified in planning and asserting control over their activities? The virtue of purpose—the courage to pursue personally valued goals in spite of risks and possible failure—now ascends. A Stage 3: Initiative Versus Guilt (Preschool Age) 3-6? 7 Q The societal context in which the first three psychosocial conflicts are negotiated is predominantly the home and immediate family. In stage four, however, children begin formal instruction of some sort. Mastery of tasks and skills valued by one’s teachers and the larger society becomes focal. The quality of competence is said to develop. (if they don’t complete tasks, they may feel inferior.) A Stage 4: Industry Versus Inferiority (School Age) 6-12? 8 Q Stage 5: Identity and Diffusion (Adolescence) 12-20 3/…? This is the linchpin in Erikson’s scheme, a time when adolescents actively attempt to synthesize their experiences in an effort to formulate a stable sense of identity. Although this process is psychosocial in nature—a social fit or “solidarity with group ideals” must occur—Erikson emphasizes reality testing and the acquisition of credible self-knowledge. Youths come to view themselves as products of their previous experiences, and a unified sense of temporal selfcontinuity is experienced. Positive resolutions of prior crises—being trusting, autonomous, willful, and industrious—facilitate identity formation; previous