ATI MED SURG FORM A EXAM SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION

ATI MED SURG FORM A EXAM SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION A nurse is caring for an older client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with pneumonia. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances? a) respiratory alkalosis b) respiratory acidosis c) metabolic alkalosis d) metabolic acidosis - ANSWER-b) respiratory acidosis Respiratory acidosis is a common complication of COPD. This complication occurs because clients who have COPD are unable to exhale carbon dioxide due to a loss of elastic recoil in the lungs. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy with an inflated cuff in place. Which of the following findings indicated that the nurse should suction the client's airway secretions? a) the client is unable to speak b) the client's airway secretions were last suctioned 2 hr ago c) the client coughs and expectorates a large mucous plug d) the nurse auscultates coarse crackles in the lung field - ANSWER-d) the nurse auscultates coarse crackles in the lung field The nurse should auscultate coarse crackles or rhonchi, identify a moist cough, hear or see secretions in the tracheostomy tube, and then suction the client's airway secretions. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who states he was recently exposed to tuberculosis. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis? a) pericardia friction rub b) weight gain c) night sweats d) cyanosis of the fingertips - ANSWER-c) night sweats Night sweats and fevers are clinical manifestations of tuberculosis. A nurse in the ED is assessing a client for a closed pneumothorax and significant bruising of the left chest following a motor-vehicle crash. The client reports severe left chest pain on inspiration. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following manifestations of pneumothorax? a) absence of breath sounds b) expiratory wheezing c) inspiratory stridor d) rhonchi - ANSWER-a) absence of breath sounds A client who has pneumothorax experiences severely diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side.