Test Bank for Pilbeams Mechanical Ventilation 8th Edition by Cairo

Test Bank for Pilbeams Mechanical Ventilation 8th Edition by Cairo| Table of contents| 1. Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

2. How Ventilators Work
3. How a Breath Is Delivered
4. Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation
5. Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode
6. Initial Ventilator Settings
7. Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup
8. Initial Patient Assessment
9. Ventilator Graphics
10. Assessment of Respiratory Function
11. Hemodynamic Monitoring
12. Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management
13. Improving Oxygenation and Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
14. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
15. Sedatives, Analgesics, and Paralytics
16. Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation
17. Effects of Positive-Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System
18. Troubleshooting and Problem Solving
19. Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation
20. Weaning and Discontinuation from Mechanical Ventilation
21. Long-Term Ventilation
22. Neonatal and Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation
23. Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs

is known as which of the following?

a. External respiration

b. Internal respiration

c. Spontaneous ventilation

d. Mechanical ventilation

ANS: C

The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as

ventilation. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism,

this would be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration

involves the exchange of oxygen (O

2

) and carbon dioxide (CO

)

between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal

respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of

oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3

2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?

a. Red blood cells and body cells

b. Scalenes and trapezius 

muscles

c. Alveoli and pulmonary 

capillaries

d. External oblique and 

transverse abdominal muscles

ANS: C

External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon

dioxide (CO

) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries.

Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves

movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.

Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of

inspiration. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles

are accessory muscles of expiration.

3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during

normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the

following?

a.

b.

c.

d.

ANS: B

During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops

from about -5 cm H

2

O at end-expiration to about -10 cm H

O at

end-inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that

change from -5 cm H

2

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4

O to -10 cm H

2

O.

4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (P

) is about:

________________.

a. - 1 cm H

O

b. + 1 cm H

O

c. 0 cm H

O

d. 5 cm H

ANS: A

-1 cm H

2

2

2

2

O

2

A

O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during

normal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a

normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1

cm H

2

O.

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3

5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as

which of the following?

a. Transairway pressure (P

TA

 )

b. Transthoracic pressure (P

TT

)

c. Transrespiratory pressure (P

TR