Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 12th Edition, Ruth A. Roth, Kathy L. Wehrle

Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 12th Edition, Ruth A. Roth, Kathy L. Wehrle

1. Which of the following nutrients help build and repair body tissues? a. proteins b. carbohydrates c. fats d. lipids ANSWER: a 2. Which of the following does NOT put an individual at risk for malnutrition? a. eating too much b. eating too little c. an absorption disorder d. eating a variety of foods ANSWER: d 3. Which of the following foods are considered to have a low nutrient density? a. potato chips b. carrots c. apples d. steaks ANSWER: a 4. There are many cumulative effects of a poor, unbalanced diet. Which of these disease states is NOT attributable to a low-nutrient-density diet? a. atherosclerosis b. hypertension c. obesity d. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ANSWER: d 5. Which mineral is needed to prevent osteoporosis from occurring? a. iron b. magnesium c. zinc d. calcium ANSWER: d 6. A part of a nutrition assessment involves anthropometric measurements. What is measured during this type of assessment? a. percentage of muscle mass b. percentage of fat tissue only c. percentage of fat and muscle tissue d. percentage of body fluid ANSWER: d 7. What biochemical analysis of blood samples may indicate kidney failure? a. serum albumin level b. serum transferrin level c. creatinine excretion d. blood urea nitrogen ANSWER: d 8. What is the most common method of assessing a client’s dietary history? a. 3-day food record b. 24-hour recall c. 3-day food diary d. 3-day recall ANSWER: b 9. Which nutrient deficiency displays lesions at the corners of the mouth? a. vitamin B b. riboflavin c. folic acid d. iron ANSWER: b 10. Obesity can increase your risk of developing ____. a. iron deficiency anemia b. diabetes c. kidney failure d. osteoporosis ANSWER: b 11. Education in good nutritional health practices would eliminate many health problems that may be caused by malnutrition. Which of the following is the best method for teaching the young child good health habits? a. a good health program in kindergarten b. have the physician discuss nutrition with the child c. imitation of adult behavior d. imitation of eating habits of other children ANSWER: c 12. What is the most common form of nutrient deficiency in the United States? a. niacin b. iron c. protein d. vitamin C ANSWER: b 13. Which biochemical test measures protein status? a. serum transferrin level b. creatinine excretion c. serum albumin level d. serum creatinine level ANSWER: c 14. Which biochemical test indicates a depleted muscle mass? a. serum transferrin level b. creatinine excretion c. serum albumin level d. serum creatinine level ANSWER: b 15. Which blood test can indicate anemia? a. hemoglobin test b. red blood cell test c. blood urea nitrogen d. lipid profile ANSWER: a 16. Which test detects protein and sugar excretion in urine that can indicate kidney disease and diabetes? a. blood urea nitrogen b. creatinine excretion c. urinalysis d. serum creatinine level ANSWER: c 17. Which of the following is characteristic of poor nutritional status? a. apathy b. shiny hair c. clear eyes d. erect posture ANSWER: a 18. Which of the following diseases is related to vitamin C deficiency? a. anemia b. goiter c. scurvy d. xerophthalmia ANSWER: c 19. Which of the following measures is NOT included in the lipid profile? a. glucose b. serum triglycerides c. total serum cholesterol d. high-density lipoproteins ANSWER: a 20. Goiter is a deficiency disease related to deficiency of what nutrient? a. iron b. iodine c. calcium d. folic acid ANSWER: b 21. Which of the following are inorganic nutrients? a. carbohydrates b. minerals c. vitamins d. proteins ANSWER: b Subjective Short Answer 22. Poorly shaped bones or teeth are a symptom of calcium and vitamin D deficiency. Discuss the relationship between these substances. ANSWER: Vitamin D is necessary for the utilization of calcium in the body. 23. Why is a social history important when doing a nutritional assessment? ANSWER: To determine whether the client has the financial resources to obtain the needed food and the ability to store and prepare the food. 24. List the methods, or means of data collection, used to complete an accurate nutritional assessment that is the framework for a dietary treatment plan. ANSWER: Social history, 24-hour diet recall, food diary for 3 to 4 days, computer analysis of the diet, review for any food–drug interactions, review of medical records, clinical examinations, and review of results of any biochemical tests and anthropometrical measurements. 25. The adolescent and the elderly are age groups that are very prone to malnutrition. Discuss the reasons for this. ANSWER: The adolescent responds to peer pressure to determine the types of foods consumed (chips, colas, candy, etc.), and the lifestyle of a teen (always on the go) may result in many skipped meals. The elderly are often alone, and mealtimes can be unpleasant and lonely, resulting in skipped meals and in eating poorly balanced meals. Living conditions often do not encourage a healthy appetite. Financially, some elderly may not be able to afford fresh fruits and vegetables or the protein sources of foods. 26. Describe the appearance of an 18-year-old female who is at the optimal level of nutritional balance. ANSWER: Shiny hair, clear skin, clear eyes, erect posture, alert expressions, firm flesh on well-developed bone structure, healthy appetite, regular sleep and elimination habits, and positive emotional adjustments. 27. Describe the primary function(s) of each of the organic nutrients. ANSWER: The primary function of carbohydrates and fats is to provide energy. Proteins build and repair body tissues, and vitamins regulate body processes. 28. Wellness is a way of life that integrates mind, body, and spirit. What lifestyle habits will help one achieve wellness? ANSWER: Wellness can be accomplished through lifestyle habits such as focusing on healthy food