NURS 211L ATI Peds Proctored Exam 2024 ATI pediatrics proctored exam
Chapter 1: Family centered nursing care
1. Parenting styles
-Dictatorial or authoritarian:
-Parents try to control the child’s behaviors and attitudes through
unquestioned rules and expectations
-Ex: The child is never allowed to watch television on school nights
-Permissive:
-Parents exert little or no control over the child’s behaviors, and consult the
child when making decisions
-Ex: The child assists with deciding whether he will watch television
-Democratic or authoritative:
-Parents direct the child’s behavior by setting rules and explaining the reason
for each rule setting
-Ex: The child can watch television for 1 hr on school nights after
completing all of his homework and chores
-Parents negatively reinforce deviations form the rules
-Ex: The privilege is taken away but later reinstated based on new
guidelines
Chapter 2: Physical assessment findings
1. Vital signs
-Usually vital signs are all high except for BP
-Temperature:
-3 – 6 months 99.5
-1 year 99.9
-3 year 99.0
-5 years 98.6
-7 years 98.2
-9 – 11 years 98.1
-13 years 97.9
-Pulse:
-Newborn 80 – 180/min
-1 weeks – 3 months 80 – 220/min
-3 months – 2 years 70 – 150/min
-2 – 10 years 60 – 110/min
-10 years and older 50 – 90/min
-Respirations:
-Newborn – 1year 30 – 35/min
-1 – 2 years 25 – 30/min
-2 – 6 years 21 – 25/min
-6 – 12 years 19 – 21/min
-12 years and older 16 – 19/min
o Holds hand in open position | Grasp reflex fades
3 Months
o Raises head and shoulders when prone | Slight head lag
o No grasp reflex | Keeps hands loosely open
4 Months
o Rolls from back to side
o Grasp objects with both hands
5 Months
o Rolls from front to back
o Palmar grasp dominantly
6 Months
o Rolls from back to front
o Holds bottle
7 Months
o Bears full weight on feet | Sits, leaning forward on both hands
o Moves objects from hand to hand
8 Months
o Sits unsupported
o Pincer grasp
9 Months
o Pulls to a standing position | Creeps on hands and knees instead of crawling
o Crude pincer grasp | Dominant hand is evident
10 Months
o Prone to sitting position
o Grasps rattle by its handle
11 Months
o Walks while holding onto something | Walks with one hand held
o Places objects into a container | Neat pincer grasp
12 Months
o Stands without support briefly | Sits from standing position without assistance
o Tries to build a two-block tower w/o success | Can turn pages in a book
3. Cognitive development
-Piaget: sensorimotor (birth to 24 months)
-Object Permanence: objects still exists when it is out of view
-Occurs at 9-10 months
4. Language development
-3-5 words by the age of 1 year
5. Psychosocial development
-Erikson: Trust vs. Mistrust:
- Learn delayed gratification
-Trust is developed by meeting comfort, feeding, simulation, and caring
needs
-Mistrust develops if needs are inadequately or inconsistently met or if needs
are continuously met before being vocalized by the infant
-Pubic hair growth
-Axillary hair growth
-Menstruation
-In boys, sexual maturation occurs in the following order:
-Testicular enlargement
-Pubic hair growth
-Penile enlargement
-Growth of axillary hair
-Facial hair growth
-Vocal changes
2. Cognitive development
-Piaget: Formal operations
-Increasingly capable of using formal logic to make decisions
3. Psychosocial development
-Erikson: Identity vs. role confusion
-Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity and to come to view
themselves as unique individuals
4. Age-appropriate activities
-Nonviolent videogames
-Nonviolent music
-Sports
-Caring for a pet
-Reading
Chapter 8: Safe Medication Administration
1. Oral
-This route of medication administration is preferred for children
-Avoid mixing medication with formula or putting it in a bottle of formula because
the infant might not take the entire feeding, and the medication can alter the taste
of the formula
-Use the smallest measuring liquid medication for doses of liquid medication
-Avoid measuring liquid medication in a tsp. or tbsp.
-Administer the medication in the side of the mouth in small amounts
-Stroke the infant under the chin to promote swallowing while holding the cheeks
together
2. Otic
-Children younger than years:
-Pull the pinna downward and straight back
-Children older than 3 years:
-Pull the pinna upward and back
3. Intramuscular
-Use a 22-25 gauge, 1/2-1 inch needle
-Vastus lateralis is the recommended site in infants and small children
-Other sites:
-Ventrogluteal and deltoid