NUR 611 Exam 2 Questions and Answers

NUR 611 Exam 2 Questions and Answers 1. What makes up the autonomic nervous system?: Sympathetic and parasym- pathetic nervous system 2. What is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?: Conserving energy and the body's resources 3. What is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?: Catecholamine release - Epinephrine Mobilizing energy stores and decreasing release of insulin Redistributing blood low - Increasing to muscles and lungs (flight) and decreasing to GI/Integumentary 4. What are the classifications of primary brain injury?: Focal or diffuse 5. What are focal brain injuries?: Specific, grossly observable lesions that occur in a precise location 6. What are examples of focal brain injuries?: Epidural hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage 7. What are examples of diffuse brain injuries?: Hypoxia, meningitis, encephali- tis, and damage to blood vessels 8. What can happen with increased intracranial pressures?: Collateral dysfunc- tion such as Diabetes Insipidus 9. What are characteristics of autonomic hyperreflexia?: Paroxysmal hyperten- sion, pounding headache, blurred vision, sweating above level of lesion with flushing of skin, nasal congestion, nausea, piloerection causes by pilomotor spasm, and bradycardia. 10. What is the sequence of events leading to hyperreflexia induced bradycar- dia?: Stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve to the sinoatrial nose The intact autonomic nervous system reflexively responds with arteriolar spasm that increases blood pressure Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels, carotid sinus, and aorta sense the hyperten- sion and stimulation the parasympathetic nervous system The heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral vessels do not dilate because efferent impulses cannot pass through the cord 11. What are the onset of delirium and dementia?: Delirium - acute and common during hospitalization Dementia - usually insidious and can be acute in situations such as trauma or stroke