CMY3706 WITH BEST SOLUTIONS

CMY3706 WITH BEST SOLUTIONS Phillips (in Van Heerden, 2017) defines kidnapping for ransom as - ANSWER-the "taking and holding of a person in an unknown location for the intention of seeking some form of concession, regardless of whether a monetary, political, social (ransom) demand is sought after" Aspects that are of importance from the definitions of kidnapping are - ANSWER-the deprivation of a person's freedom for a certain unknown period until some sort of compensation is agreed upon between the perpetrators and the victim's family, after which the kidnapped hostage will be released. American law defines extortion as - ANSWER-a crime obtaining money or property by threat to a victim's property or loved ones, intimidation or false claim of a right. In British law, extortion is defined as - ANSWER-the practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats. Kidnapping is a diverse and evolving phenomenon that is especially prevalent in - ANSWER-Third World countries with high levels of crime. >>> These countries are generally poorly resourced and have inadequately trained police personnel, corrupt public officials, ineffective intelligence services, a weak judiciary and a history of political or social instability and conflict Noor-Mohammed (2014 in Van Heerden, 2017) is of the opinion that when career kidnapping for ransom incidents occurs - ANSWER-various definitional issues can cause challenges for the criminal justice system, resulting in confusion, since kidnapping incidences can span multiple jurisdictions In American law, kidnapping is defined as - ANSWER-"the taking of a person against his/her will, or decision through violence, force, threat or intimidation". British law defines kidnapping as - ANSWER-"the nature of the offence is an attack on, and infringement of, the personal liberty of an individual" British law contains four criteria - ANSWER-• the taking away or carrying away of one person by another • by force or by fraud • without the consent of the person so taken or carried away • without lawful excuse South African common law defines kidnapping as follows: - ANSWER-"it consists in unlawfully and intentionally depriving a person of his or her freedom of movement and/or, if such a person is a child, the custodians of their control over the child" kidnapping can include a broad range of actions that can be associated with other criminal acts, such as - ANSWERhijacking or robbery Kidnapping for ransom is associated with instances where - ANSWER-the offender seeks money or a specific action as an outcome, such as debt recovery, propaganda, revenge or sexual purposes