AP US Government and Politics College Study Guide

AP US Government and Politics College Study Guide 53. Gideon v.Wainwright: A person who cannot afford an attorney may have one appointed by the government 54. Furman v. Georgia: (1972) Death penalty is cruel and unusual if carried out in "an arbitrary, discriminatory, and capricious manner". 55. North Carolina v.Woodson: Death penalty cannot be a mandatory minimum (North Carolina said anyone convicted of murder is executed).Juries must examine aggravated (worsening) and mitigating (less worsening) factors. 56. Griswold v. Connecticut: Established that there is an implied right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution 57. Roe v.Wade: (1973)legalized abortion on the basis of a woman'sright to privacy 58. Near v. Minnesota: Freedom of the press applies to state governments, so that they cannot impose prior restraint on newspapers. 59. Planned Parenthood v. casey: states may regulate abortion as long as there is "no undue burden" on the mother; did not overturn Roe v.Wade but gave states more leeway in regulating abortion (parental consent for minors, 24 hour waiting period) 60. Dred scott v.Sandford: A ruling that declared that Negroes could not be federal citizens 61. Plessy V. Ferguson: separate but equal 62. Korematsu v.US: SupremeCourt case which upheld the relocation ofJapanese to internment camps 63. Brown v. Board of Education: court found that segregation was a violation of the Equal Protection clause "separate but equal" has no place 64. 1964 Civil Rights Act: outlawed segregation in public places; banned discrimi- nation in employment 65. The Voting Rights Act: 1965 • This law made it illegal to keep people from voting through things like poll taxes or literacy requirements. • It also set up a commission to make sure blacks were being allowed to vote 66. TheWar Powers Act: 1973, -Law placed restricitions on the president's ability to use military force: must report to Congress within 48 hrs. after deporting troops; within 60 days after troops have been sent Congress must declare war or provide authorization to provide for the continuation of use of US troops in area 67. The Americans with Disabilities Act: requires reasonable accommodation of employees with disabilities