Passing Grades Flashcards
-Lymphoma (disease of lymph nodes)
-Malignancies of lymph nodes that produce Reed Sternberg cells from b-cells in association with Epstein-Barr virus
→Supra-diaphramatic - medistinal, cervical, supraclaviculur, axillary
-Exist in four forms
-Predictable metastatic pattern
-Overproduction of abnormal antibodies and underproduction of other blood cells
-Most common in males
-Onset between 20-40 years
-Rx - Chemotherapy and radiation
-90% LA at 10 years
-Malignancies of lymph nodes that produce Reed Sternberg cells from b-cells in association with Epstein-Barr virus
→Supra-diaphramatic - medistinal, cervical, supraclaviculur, axillary
-Exist in four forms
-Predictable metastatic pattern
-Overproduction of abnormal antibodies and underproduction of other blood cells
-Most common in males
-Onset between 20-40 years
-Rx - Chemotherapy and radiation
-90% LA at 10 years
-Malignancies arising in lymph nodes that originate in any (b-cells, t-cells or NK) lymph tissue and do not have the Reed-Sternberg cells
-Spread early and in unpredictable paths
-Thought to be associated with some viruses (Burkitts's lymphoma - Epstien Barr-mono)
-Worse than Hodgkins
-LA 50% at 5 years
-If detected in stage I or II good prognosis
-Stage III and IV , most common presentation, poorest prognosis
-Rx - chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplant, monoclonal antibodies.
-Spread early and in unpredictable paths
-Thought to be associated with some viruses (Burkitts's lymphoma - Epstien Barr-mono)
-Worse than Hodgkins
-LA 50% at 5 years
-If detected in stage I or II good prognosis
-Stage III and IV , most common presentation, poorest prognosis
-Rx - chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplant, monoclonal antibodies.
-Like thrombocytopenia but more fibrin
-Widespread intravascular thrombosis →widespread hemorrhage due to consumption of coagulation factors
-Occurs 2ndary to malignancies, sepsis, snake bite, abruptio placenta (placenta tears from uterine wall), trauma, crush injuries, burns, shock, severe liver disease, incompatible blood transfusion
-Happens b/c of big stressor (infection, trauma, etc.)
-Widespread intravascular thrombosis →widespread hemorrhage due to consumption of coagulation factors
-Occurs 2ndary to malignancies, sepsis, snake bite, abruptio placenta (placenta tears from uterine wall), trauma, crush injuries, burns, shock, severe liver disease, incompatible blood transfusion
-Happens b/c of big stressor (infection, trauma, etc.)
-Autosomal Recessive Disorder
-Abnormal Hg - HgS
-Common in African Americans
-RBCs sickle under stress/triggers
→Low oxygen
→Low vascular volume
→Cold stress
→Infections
→Acidosis
→Extreme physical exertion
-B/c of shape, they all get stuck on each other and plug up blood vessels and shut down tissues
-Vaso-occlusion from cells that clump - severe pain.
-Organ dysfunction
→Extremities - necrosis
→Joints - infarcts
→Lungs - acute chest syndrome
→Spleen - ↑infections
-Abnormal Hg - HgS
-Common in African Americans
-RBCs sickle under stress/triggers
→Low oxygen
→Low vascular volume
→Cold stress
→Infections
→Acidosis
→Extreme physical exertion
-B/c of shape, they all get stuck on each other and plug up blood vessels and shut down tissues
-Vaso-occlusion from cells that clump - severe pain.
-Organ dysfunction
→Extremities - necrosis
→Joints - infarcts
→Lungs - acute chest syndrome
→Spleen - ↑infections
-Individuals of *Mediterranean, Asian, or African American descent
-Deficient Hg production & hypochromic microcytic anemia
-Heinz bodies in the bone marrow impair RBC production
-Accompanying hypercoaguability leads to strokes and pulmonary emboli
-Growth retardation without blood transfusions begun early
-↑hematopoiesis → bone marrow expansion → bony abnormalities (chipmonk faces, fractures)
-Spleenomegaly
-Hepatomegaly
-Iron toxicities
-Deficient Hg production & hypochromic microcytic anemia
-Heinz bodies in the bone marrow impair RBC production
-Accompanying hypercoaguability leads to strokes and pulmonary emboli
-Growth retardation without blood transfusions begun early
-↑hematopoiesis → bone marrow expansion → bony abnormalities (chipmonk faces, fractures)
-Spleenomegaly
-Hepatomegaly
-Iron toxicities
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