Test Bank for Wongs Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry | All Chapters Covered| Rated A+

1.   Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse’s promotion of the health and well-being of children? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Promoting disease prevention

b.   Providing financial assistance

c.   Providing support and counseling

d.   Establishing lifelong friendships

e.   Establishing a therapeutic relationship

f.    Participating in ethical decision making

ANS: A, C, E, F

The pediatric nurse’s role includes promoting disease prevention, providing support and counseling, establishing a therapeutic relationship, and participating in ethical decision making; a pediatric nurse does not need to establish lifelong friendships or provide financial assistance to children and their families. Boundaries should be set and clear.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Nursing Process: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2.   The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of families should the nurse consider, that can cause families to struggle in providing adequate nutrition? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Homelessness

b.   Lower income

c.   Migrant status

d.   Working parents

e.   Single parent status

ANS: A, B, C

Families that struggle with lower incomes, homelessness, and migrant status generally lack the resources to provide their children with adequate food intake, nutritious foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables, and appropriate protein intake. Working parents and single parent status do not mean the families will struggle to provide adequate nutrition.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3.   The nurse is preparing to complete documentation on a patient’s chart. Which should be included in documentation of nursing care? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Reassessments

b.   Incident reports

c.   Initial assessments

d.   Nursing care provided

e.   Patient’s response of care provided

ANS: A, C, D, E

The patient’s medical record should include initial assessments, reassessments, nursing care provided, and the patient’s response of care provided. Incident reports are not documented in the patient’s chart.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying

TOP: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

4.   Which actions by the nurse demonstrate over involvement with patients and their families? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Buying clothes for the patients

b.   Showing favoritism toward a patient

c.   Focusing on technical aspects of care

d.   Spending off-duty time with patients and families

e.   Asking questions if families are not participating in care

ANS: A, B, D

Actions that show over involvement include buying clothes for patients, showing favoritism toward a patient, and spending off-duty time with patients and families. Focusing on technical aspects of care is an action that indicates under involvement, and asking questions if families are not participating in care indicates a positive action.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Analyzing               TOP: Integrated Process: Caring

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5.   Which are included in the evaluation step of the nursing process? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Determination if the outcome has been met

b.   Ascertaining if the plan requires modification

c.   Establish priorities and selecting expected patient goals

d.   Selecting alternative interventions if the outcome has not been met

e.   Determining if a risk or actual dysfunctional health problem exists

ANS: A, B, D

Evaluation is the last step in the nursing process. The nurse gathers, sorts, and analyzes data to determine whether (1) the established outcome has been met, (2) the nursing interventions were appropriate, (3) the plan requires modification, or (4) other alternatives should be considered. Establishing priorities and selecting expected patient goals are done in the outcomes identification stage. Determining if a risk or actual dysfunctional health problem exists is done in the diagnosis stage of the nursing process.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Understanding        TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

6.   Which should the nurse teach to parents regarding oral health of children? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Fluoridated water should be used.

b.   Early childhood caries is a preventable disease.

c.   Dental caries is a rare chronic disease of childhood.

d.   Dental hygiene should begin with the first tooth eruption.

e.   Childhood caries does not happen until after 2 years of age.

ANS: A, B, D

Oral health instructions to parents of children should include use of fluoridated water and dental hygiene beginning with the first tooth eruption. In addition, early childhood caries is a preventable disease and should be included in the teaching session. Dental caries is a common, not rare, chronic disease of childhood. Childhood caries may begin before the first birthday.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

7.   The school nurse is explaining to older school children that obesity increases the risk for which disorders? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Asthma

b.   Hypertension

c.   Dyslipidemia

d.   Irritable bowel disease

e.   Altered glucose metabolism

ANS: B, C, E

Overweight youth have increased risk for a cluster of cardiovascular factors that include hypertension, altered glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. Irritable bowel disease and asthma are not linked to obesity.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

8.   Which actions by the nurse demonstrate clinical reasoning? (Select all that apply.)

a.   Basing decisions on intuition

b.   Considering alternative action

c.   Using formal and informal thinking to gather data

d.   Giving deliberate thought to a patient’s problem

e.   Developing an outcome focused on optimum patient care

ANS: B, C, D, E

Clinical reasoning is a cognitive process that uses formal and informal thinking to gather and analyze patient data, evaluate the significance of the information, and consider alternative actions. Clinical reasoning is a complex developmental process based on rational and deliberate thought and developing an outcome focused on optimum patient care. Clinical reasoning is based on the scientific method of inquiry; it is not based solely on intuition.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Nursing Process: Evaluation

MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

COMPLETION

1.   The nurse is determining if a newborn is classified in the low birth weight (LBW) category of less than

2500 g. The newborn’s weight is 5 pounds, 4 oz. What is the newborn’s weight in grams? Record your answer in a whole number.

ANS: 2386

Convert the 4 oz to a decimal by dividing 4 by 16 = 0.25. Use 5.25 pounds and divide by 2.2 to get 2.386 kg. Multiply by 1000 to convert to grams = 2386.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Chapter 02: Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.   Children are taught the values of their culture through observation and feedback relative to their own behavior. In teaching a class on cultural competence, the nurse should be aware that which factor may be culturally determined?

a.   Ethnicity

b.   Racial variation

c.   Status

d.   Geographic boundaries

ANS: C

Status is culturally determined and varies according to each culture. Some cultures ascribe higher status to age or socioeconomic position. Social roles also are influenced by the culture. Ethnicity is an affiliation of a set of persons who share a unique cultural, social, and linguistic heritage. It is one component of culture. Race and culture are two distinct attributes. Whereas racial grouping describes transmissible traits, culture is determined by the pattern of assumptions, beliefs, and practices that unconsciously frames or guides the outlook and decisions of a group of people. Cultural development may be limited by geographic boundaries, but the boundaries are not culturally determined.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Analyzing               TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

2.   The nurse is planning care for a patient with a different ethnic background. Which should be an appropriate goal?

a.   Adapt, as necessary, ethnic practices to health needs.

b.   Attempt, in a nonjudgmental way, to change ethnic beliefs.

c.   Encourage continuation of ethnic practices in the hospital setting.

d.   Strive to keep ethnic background from influencing health needs.

ANS: A

Whenever possible, nurses should facilitate the integration of ethnic practices into health care provision. The ethnic background is part of the individual; it should be difficult to eliminate the influence of ethnic background. The ethnic practices need to be evaluated within the context of the health care setting to determine whether they are conflicting.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Integrated Process: Caring

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

3.   How is the family systems theory best described?

a.   The family is viewed as the sum of individual members.

b.   A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members.

c.   Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem.

d.   When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system.

ANS: D

Family systems theory describes an interactional model. Any change in one member will create change in others. Although the family is the sum of the individual members, family systems theory focuses on the number of dyad interactions that can occur. The interactions, not the individual members, are the problem.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Analyzing               TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

4.   When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4-year-old child, which should the nurse include?

a.   Parental control should be consistent.

b.   Withdrawal of love and approval is effective at this age.

c.   Children as young as 4 years rarely need to be disciplined.

d.   One should expect rules to be followed rigidly and unquestioningly.

ANS:  A

For effective discipline, parents must be consistent and must follow through with agreed-on actions. Withdrawal of love and approval is never appropriate or effective. The 4-year-old child will test limits and may misbehave. Children of this age do not respond to verbal reasoning. Realistic goals should be set for this age-group. Discipline is necessary to reinforce these goals. Discipline strategies should be appropriate to the child’s age and temperament and the severity of the misbehavior. Following rules rigidly and unquestioningly is beyond the developmental capabilities of a 4-year-old child.

DIF:   Cognitive Level: Applying                TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

5.   A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes has trouble sleeping. The nurse should recognize this as what?

a.   Indicative of maladjustment

b.   A common reaction to divorce

c.   Suggestive of a lack of adequate parenting

d.   An unusual response that indicates a need for referral

ANS: B