Test bank for Biochemistry Concepts and Connections 2nd edition by Dean Appling

TEST BANK FOR BIOCHEMISTRY CONCEPTS AND CONNECTIONS 2ND EDITION BY DEAN APPLING Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections, 2e (Appling et al.) Chapter 1 Biochemistry and the Language of Chemistry 1) The water content in the human body is approximately ________. A) 90% B) 80% C) 70% D) 60% Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 2) The four most abundant chemical elements in living systems are ________. A) Hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus B) Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen C) Sodium, potassium, carbon and oxygen D) Sodium, potassium, nitrogen and sulfur 1 Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 3) A large majority of proteins contain ________. A) Cobalt B) Phosphorus C) Selenium D) Sulfur Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 4) Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Proteins can be structural components of cells. B) Proteins can transmit signals between cells. C) Proteins can transport molecules within cells and between cells. D) Proteins are the only biological polymer that can catalyze biochemical reactions. Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 5) Which of the following is NOT classified as a lipid? A) Cholesterol B) Palmitic acid C) Glycerol D) Phosphatidyl serine Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 6) Which of the following organic compounds CANNOT be produced without the use of enzymes? A) Amino acids B) Urea C) Hydrogen cyanide D) Polysaccharides Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 7) ________ are the basis of many biochemical reactions and pathways. A) Oxidation-reduction reactions B) Anapleurotic reactions C) Platinum-catalyzed reactions D) Combustible reactions Answer: A 2 Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 8) Many biochemical reactions that form biopolymers from monomeric units involve the removal of ________. A) CO 2 B) Water + D) PO C) NH 4 4 -3 Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 9) The principle component of a biological membrane is a ________. A) Triglyceride B) Carbohydrate C) Protein D) Nucleic acid Answer: A Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 10) The chemical element of ________ has a role in both transfer of energy as well as in the structure of nucleic acids. A) Carbon B) Magnesium C) Phosphorus D) Zinc Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 11) Which of the following is NOT a major class of biological macromolecules? A) Proteins B) Nucleic acids C) Lipids D) Chlorophylls Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 12) An amphipathic molecule provides the foundation for biological membranes because they have both ________ and ________ functional groups. A) Exergonic, Endergonic B) Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic C) Enthalpic, Entropic D) Organic, Inorganic 3 Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 13) Genomics is concerned with the entire ________. A) Cell B) Lipid network C) Genome D) Proteome Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.5 14) Wohler showed that a chemical found only in living organisms can be made from inorganic substances when he synthesized ________. A) Ammonium cyanate B) Amino acids C) Urea D) Uric acid Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 15) The lock-and-key theory described the action of ________. A) Enzymes as keys that fit different chemicals B) Substrates as keys that fit different enzymes C) Enzymes as locks that fit other enzymes D) Substrates as locks that fit different enzymes Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 16) According to Crick's Central Dogma of molecular Biology, there can be NO transfer of information from ________. A) DNA to RNA B) RNA to RNA C) RNA to protein D) Protein to RNA Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 17) Which linkage(s) occur extensively in nucleotides? A) Amide B) Ester C) Phosphate ester D) Ether lOMoARcPSD|14985576 4 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 18) Which functional group is shown? A) Primary amine B) Acyl C) Amide D) Anhydride Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 19) Proteins in biological membranes ________. A) May be porous B) May not be attached to the membrane surface C) May not span the membrane D) May be integrally-bound only Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 5 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) 20) Sugars such as glucose are monomers of polysaccharides that are linked together when covalent bonds form between one ________ groups of one sugar to the same group on another sugar. A) Ester B) Carboxyl C) Amino D) Hydroxyl Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 21) Which statement about cellulose is FALSE? A) It is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature. B) Its monomers are joined by glycosidic bonds. C) It is present in the stems of flowering plants. D) It is a branched polymer of glucose. Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 22) The essential attributes of all living things include all EXCEPT ________. A) Program B) Improvisation C) Compartmentalization D) Emotion Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.3 23) Prokaryotes are valuable tools for biochemists because ________. A) E. coli is well-studied and typical of prokaryotes B) They contain as many genes as eukaryotic cells C) Many of their chromosomes are sequenced D) They are not very diverse organisms Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.4 24) Which cellular component carries out oxidation reactions, some of which produce hydrogen peroxide? A) Peroxisomes B) Mitochondria C) Chloroplasts D) Lysosomes Answer: A Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.4 6 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|14985576 25) Which cellular component carries the secretion and transport of biosynthesized proteins? A) Nucleus B) Mitochondria C) Golgi complex D) Lysosomes Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.4 26) The theory which demonstrated that metabolic processes were chemical in nature in absence of cells is known as ________. A) Spontaneous production B) Aerobic production C) Fermentation D) Biogenesis Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 27) ________ has permitted rapid advances in our understanding of structural macromolecules from living cells. A) Biogenesis B) Biokinetics C) Biothermodynamics D) Bioinformatics Answer: D Bloom's Level: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 1.5 28) The role of DNA as the ________ material was confirmed by transforming Streptococci in experiments performed several years after the famous Watson and Crick description of DNA structure. A) Heredity B) Genetic C) Linkage D) Primary Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 7 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) 29) ________ is generally in reference to how the flow of information is transferred from nucleic acid to protein. A) Central Dogma B) Central Concept C) Central Idea D) Central Genome Answer: A Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 30) Portions of biological compounds, found in living cells that can be reactive are known as ________. A) Fixed groups B) Static groups C) Functional groups D) Essential groups Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 31) Under acidic conditions, amino groups are mostly ________. A) Partially protonated B) Fully protonated C) Partially deprotonated D) Fully deprotonated Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 32) When monomers covalently attach to each other to form a macromolecule, what product is often formed? A) CO 2 B) O 2 C) NH 2 D) Water Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.1 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 8 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|14985576 33) The condensation of the α-amino and α-carboxyl groups of two amino acids results in the formation of a ________. A) Lipid bond B) Peptide bond C) Monosaccharide bond D) Non-covalent bond Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 34) Which of the following can determine whether an enzyme is functional or not? A) Conformation B) Size C) Volume D) Concentration Answer: A Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 35) The ________ projection of the ring form of a monosaccharide always shows a flat plane with one edge projecting out of the page (using thicker lines). A) Fischer B) Crick C) Haworth D) Wohler Answer: C Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 36) Sugars with six carbons can form ring structures known as ________. A) Cyclobenzene rings B) Pyranose rings C) Disaccharide rings D) Polysaccharide rings Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 37) ________ contains both phosphoester and phosphoanhydride linkages. A) CCK B) Urea C) Ammonium Cyanate D) ATP Answer: D Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 9 Downloaded by Clare Kemmy (clarekemmy@gmail.com) 38) A deoxyribose unit in DNA is a ________. A) Sugar B) Lipid C) Protein D) Fatty acid Answer: A Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2 lOMoARcPSD|14985576 39) Lipids self associate in aqueous solvent to form bilayers because they are ________. A) Amphibolic B) Amphipathic C) Amphigenic D) Amphicatalytic Answer: B Bloom's Level: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 1.2