Test Bank for A Child’s World Infancy Through Adolescence 13th Edition Martorell

Test Bank for A Child’s World Infancy Through Adolescence 13th Edition Martorell

1. A scientific theory is a set of 

A.            logically related statements seeking to describe, explain, and predict human behavior.

B.            facts derived from research.

C.            predictions about future outcomes.

D.            opinions presented by a well-known authority in a field.

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember

Connect LO: 2.1: Explain the purposes theories serve, and two basic issues on which developmental theorists differ. Learn Smart LO: Define scientific theory.

2. The statement, "If children learn aggression from models, then children who watch violent television shows should be more aggressive than children who watch nonviolent shows," is an example of a 

A.            theory.

B.            finding.

C.            hypothesis.

D.            conclusion.

3. Before designing her research study, Dr. Bennett predicts that infants who have poor diets will have academic problems later in life. Dr. Bennett's prediction is an example of a(n)  A. hypothesis.

B.            theory.

C.            interpretation.

D.            conclusion. refer to page 24

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply

Connect LO: 2.1: Explain the purposes theories serve, and two basic issues on which developmental theorists differ. Learn Smart LO: Recall the definition of a hypothesis.

4. Which of the following statements is true of scientific theories?  A. Theories are the possible explanations for phenomena.

B.            Theories can be proved, but never disproved.

C.            Theories change to incorporate new findings.

D.            Theories are based on assumptions that are true.

refer to page 24

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand

Connect LO: 2.1: Explain the purposes theories serve, and two basic issues on which developmental theorists differ. Learn Smart LO: Define scientific theory.

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the basic issues that theorists address when explaining child development? 

A.            Assessing whether development is more influenced by heredity or by environment

B.            Determining whether children are active or passive in their own development

C.            Observing whether development is continuous or occurs in stages D. Viewing all development as culturally determined refer to page 25

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Understand

Connect LO: 2.1: Explain the purposes theories serve, and two basic issues on which developmental theorists differ.

Learn Smart LO: Recall the two basic issues that theorists make assumptions about in attempting to explain development.

6. At age 1, Suzi had a vocabulary of 10 words. Now, at 2 years of age, she has a vocabulary of over 100 words. This reflects a(n) _____ developmental change. 

A.            autonomous

B.            bidirectional

C.            qualitative D. quantitative refer to page 26

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply

Connect LO: 2.1: Explain the purposes theories serve, and two basic issues on which developmental theorists differ. Learn Smart LO: Recognize that mechanistic theorists deal with quantitative change.

7. __________ viewed human development as being shaped by unconscious forces. 

A.            Sigmund Freud

B.            B. F. Skinner

C.            Jean Piaget D. John B. Watson refer to page 27

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember

Connect LO: 2.2: Differentiate the five theoretical perspectives on child development, and identify theories that are representative of each. Learn Smart LO: Recall the basic belief of Sigmund Freud.

8. Sigmund Freud believed that people are motivated primarily by  A. extrinsic rewards.

B.            unconscious forces.

C.            anxiety.

D.            their environment.

refer to page 27

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember

Connect LO: 2.2: Differentiate the five theoretical perspectives on child development, and identify theories that are representative of each. Learn Smart LO: Recall the basic belief of Sigmund Freud.

9. Armond argues that unconscious forces motivate people to behave the way they do.

Armond's position is similar to the __________ perspective of development. 

A.            information-processing

B.            cognitive

C.            ethological D. psychoanalytic refer to page 27

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Apply

Connect LO: 2.2: Differentiate the five theoretical perspectives on child development, and identify theories that are representative of each. Learn Smart LO: Recall the basic belief of Sigmund Freud.

10. According to Freud, the element of personality that operates under the pleasure principal is referred to as the  A. libido.

B.            id.

C.            superego.

D.            ego.

refer to pages 27-28

APA LO: 1.2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remember

Connect LO: 2.2: Differentiate the five theoretical perspectives on child development, and identify theories that are representative of each. Learn Smart LO: Distinguish between the three parts of the personality according to Freud.

11. Parents who are up all night attending to the almost insatiable demands of their newborn babies are often frustrated by infants' apparent tendency to operate on the "pleasure principle." The pleasure principle is associated with the  A. id.

B.            ego.

C.            superego.

D.            ego ideal.