NR565/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS MIDTERM/FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS RATED A+

NR565/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS MIDTERM/FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS RATED A+ • An 82-year-old patient has just been diagnosed with herpes zoster (shingles) and the nurse practitioner wants to prescribe an antiviral. Which of the antivirals used in treating herpes zoster has a higher incidence of serious adverse reactions in immunocompromised patients? - Valtrex • Which of the following patients may be treated with a 3-day course of therapy for their urinary tract infection? A 19-year old healthy female • A 3-year old male with moderately persistent asthma has been diagnosed with type A influenza. Which of the following is true regarding treatment with oseltamivir(Tamiflu)? The medication should be started within the first 48 hours of influenza symptoms. • Which of the following is the best initial treatment for a 3-year old with an upper respiratory infection? - Nasal saline spray - Decongestants should be avoided in which of the following? - Patients with Hypertension • A 10-year old, otherwise healthy boy, is diagnosed with acute sinusitis. Which ofthe following should the nurse practitioner prescribe? - Amoxicillin • A 15-year old male presents with complaints of a rash. The nurse practitioner observes a small superficial raised 3mm round lesion that appears to be a reaction from an insect bite. The lesion is red and swollen with surrounding erythema and moderate excoriation due to scratching. There is no drainage from the wound. His parents have limited income and request the cheapest medication available to treat their son. Which ofthe following is the best treatment choice in this case? Bacitracin and polymixin B (generic double antibiotic ointment). • A 73-year old female tested positive as a nasal methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrier during a pre-operative assessment. Treatment to eradicate nasal MRSA is mupirocin. Which of the following should the nursepractitioneradvise regarding the treatment? Apply 1/2 thedose to each nostril once in the morning and once in the evening. • A 29-year old male presents to the clinic with a 3 day history of nasal congestion, runny nose, scratchy throat and cough. The nurse practitioner diagnoses an acute upper respiratory infection (URI). Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment to relieve the patient's symptoms? Topical oxymetazoline(Afrin). • Which of the following is an oral third generation cephalosporin that is commonly used to treat UTIs? Cefpodoxime, Cefpodoxime is the only 3rd generation option. • Education of women who are being treated with ophthalmic antibiotics for conjunctivitis should include which of the following? Throwing away eye makeup and purchasing new. • A 31-year old healthy, nonpregnant, adult woman was recently treated for a urinary tract infection (UTI). She is asking about drinking cranberry juiceto prevent arecurrence of the UTI. Which of the following is correct? 100% cranberry juiceor cranberry juice extract may decrease • A 70-year old female was prescribed betaxolol ophthalmic drops by her ophthalmologist to treat her glaucoma. Why should oral beta blockers be avoided inpatients who use ophthalmic beta blockers? The additive effects may includebradycardia. The use of ophthalmic beta blockers withsystemic beta blockers may cause additive beta blockade effects. Coadministration of ophthalmic timolol has caused bradycardia and asystole. • Kasey fractured his ankle in two places and is asking for medication for his pain. Theappropriate first-line medication would be: - Acetaminophen with hydrocodone (Vicodin) • Kirk sprained his ankle and is asking for pain medication for his mild-to-moderate pain. The appropriate first-line medication would be: Ibuprofen (Advil) • Larry is taking allopurinol to prevent gout. Monitoring of a patient who is taking allopurinol includes: - BUN, creatinine, and creatinineclearance • Phil is starting treatment with febuxostat (Uloric). Education ofpatients starting febuxostat includes: - Gout may worsen with therapy. • Sallie has been taking 10 mg per day of prednisone for the past 6 months. She should be assessed for: - Osteoporosis • Patients whosetotal dose ofprednisone will exceed 1 gram will most likelyneeda second prescription for: - Omeprazole, aproton pump inhibitor to prevent peptic ulcer disease • Daniel has been on 60 mg of prednisone for 10 days to treat a severe asthma exacerbation. It is timeto discontinue the prednisone. How is prednisone discontinued? Develop a tapering schedule to slowly wean Daniel off theprednisone.