Cystic Fibrosis Questions And Answers NCLEX Exam (Latest)

Questions and Answers: Cystic Fibrosis Questions And Answers NCLEX Exam 

1. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that causes the endocrine glands to work incorrectly. False: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that causes the EXOCRINE (not endocrine) glands to work incorrectly. Exocrine glands are glands that produce and transfer its secretions (ex: mucous, tears, sweat, digestive enzymes) via DUCTS to an intended area of the body, rather than directly into the bloodstream. This is different from endocrine glands that don’t have ducts but directly secrete chemicals (like hormones) directly into the blood. 2. Select the systems below that are affected by cystic fibrosis: A. Reproductive B. Lymphatic C. Respiratory D. Gastrointestinal E. Neuro F. Integumentary The answers are A, C, D and F. Cystic fibrosis affects the respiratory system (this causes thick mucus to build up in the lungs and it can affect both the upper and lower respiratory system like the sinuses), gastrointestinal (pancreas, intestines, and liver are all affected due to thick mucus), and integumentary (skin’s sweat glands will make extremely salty sweat). 3. You’re educating the parents of an 8-month-old, who was recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, about the disease. You explain to the parents that the child has a gene mutation on the ____________. The gene that is specifically mutated is called? A. endocrine glands; Hbg S gene B. exocrine glands; CFTR gene C. endocrine glands; Chromosome 21 D. exocrine glands; HTT gene The answer is B. Cystic fibrosis affects the EXOCRINE glands, specifically the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator gene (CFTR). This is a protein that controls the channels of sodium and chloride…hence the sodium and water transport in and out of the cell. These channels are within the membrane of these cells that makes our sweat, mucous, tears, digestive enzymes. Since it is mutated the fluids that are normally thin now become very thick and sticky, which causes many problems in the organs like the lungs, pancreas, intestine etc. 4. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Which option below best describes what most likely happens for a child to develop this condition? A. One parent, who is a carrier of the mutated gene, has to pass it to the child B. One of the parents has to have cystic fibrosis in order to pass it to their offspring C. Both of the parents must have cystic fibrosis in order for the child to develop it D. Both parents, who are carriers of the mutated gene, each pass one mutated gene to the child The answer is D. CF is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. This means that both of the parents are carriers of the disease (they won’t have signs and symptoms of CF). They each have one healthy gene and one mutated gene. For CF to occur in their offspring, the parents will have to each pass ONE of the mutated genes to the child. In this case, it will be the CFTR gene….so the child receives one mutated gene from each parent and this leads to the child to develop CF.