CITI Training Module, Research in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools

CITI Training Module, Research in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools

8. PPRA: The Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment (PPRA) is a federal law that affords certain rights to parents of minor students with regard to surveys that ask questions of a personal nature. It governs the administration to students of a survey, analysis, or evaluation that concerns one or more of the following eight protected areas: (1) political affiliations or beliefs of the student or the student's parent; (2) mental or psychological problems of the student or the student's family; (3) sex behavior or attitudes; (4) illegal, anti-social, self-incriminating, or demeaning behavior; (5) critical appraisals of other individuals with whom respondents have close family relationships; (6)legally recognized privileged or analogous relationships, such as those of lawyers, physicians, and ministers; (7) religious practices, affiliations, or beliefs of the student or student's parent; or (8) income (other than that required by law to determine eligibility for participation in a program or for receiving financial assistance under such program). PPRA also concerns marketing surveys and other areas ofstudent privacy, parental access to information, and the administration of certain physical examinations to minors.The rights under PPRA transfer from the parents to a student who is 18 years old or an emancipated minor under state law. 9. Parental notification, in lieu of active parental permission, is allowed when: -The researcher anticipates a low response rate. - An IRB has approved a waiver of the requirement for parental permission. -The researcher has conducted a similar study at another institution. -The superintendent of schools and the principals have approved the study.- : An IRB has approved a waiver of the requirement for parental permissio