978-0134302201 An Introduction to Psychological Science 2nd Canadian Edition Test Bank

Test Bank for An Introduction to Psychological Science 2nd Canadian Edition 

Chapter 1 1. Psychology can be considered a collection of many related fields of study. What is one of the features that all of these fields have in common? a. The use of the scientific method b. The study of mental illness c. The belief that the unconscious mind determines human behaviour d. The use of introspection 2. _____ are built from _____ that are repeatedly tested and confirmed. a. Theories; hypotheses b. Hypotheses; theories c. Predictions; observations d. Observations; predictions 3. The biopsychosocial model assumes that: a. behaviour often can be fully explained only by combining multiple perspectives. b. biological factors are more important than social factors in determining behaviour. c. all living organisms form social groups, based on their physical and psychological needs. d. the simplest explanation for behaviour is usually the best. 4. Which of the following is true about the concept of scientific literacy? a. Only trained scientists are considered scientifically literate. b. Scientific literacy is the ability to answer basic science questions without looking up their answers. c. A person who can understand, analyze, and apply scientific information is demonstrating scientific literacy. d. Knowledge of scientific terminology is the most important part of scientific literacy. 5. _____ is the belief that knowledge comes through observation and experience. a. Determinism b. Parsimony c. Skepticism d. Empiricism 6. Psychology has been a science since a. around 470 BCE. b. the early 1600s. c. the late 1800s. d. the mid-1900s. 7. How did physiologists and physicists, like Gustav Fechner, contribute to the development of psychology as a science? a. They studied the relationship between the physical world and the mental representation of that world. b. They demonstrated that the brain was responsible for consciousness. c. They identified the locations of specific functions within the brain. d. They extended Darwin’s theory of evolution to behaviour and cognitive abilities. 8. The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on a person’s behaviour is part of which early approach to psychology? a. Structuralism b. Functionalism c. Psychoanalysis d. Behaviourism 9. The question of nature and nurture relationships centers on how _____ (nature) and _____ (nurture) influence behavior and mental processes. a. environment; heredity b. heredity; environment c. emotion; logic d. logic; emotion 10. Why was the perspective followed by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers called structuralism? a. They wanted to identify the major brain structures. b. Their primary goal was to understand the physiology of the mind. c. They focused their efforts on analyzing the elements of the nervous system. d. Their primary focus was on describing the structure of conscious experience. 11. Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study the mind, which was thought to be unobservable? a. Psychoanalysis b. Behaviourism c. Gestalt psychology d. Humanism 12. You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and life’s meaning. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented? a. Behaviourism b. Humanistic psychology c. Functionalism d. Psychodynamics 13. _____ psychologists are generally interested in how the behaviour of individuals can be influenced by other people. a. Social b. Gestalt c. Behavioural d. Humanistic 14. Dr. Fernwood is a research psychologist. The main focus of her research is the use of psychological knowledge to find ways to reduce bullying in schools. Dr. Fernwood’s research could be described as _____ psychology. a. basic b. forensic c. applied d. I/O 15. In which field is someone with a background in psychology likely to work? a. Advertising b. Teaching c. Management d. Any of the above 1) Psychologists use research techniques based on __________. a. inductive reasoning b. objective introspection c. deductive reasoning d. the scientific method