Diet Analysis Case: Tyra Moore
Tyra Moore is a 66-year-old female, 5'2", weighing 150 lbs. Her goal is to lose 1 pound per week. She maintains a sedentary activity level. For this assignment, you will use the NutritionCalc Plus (NCP) dietary analysis program to answer multiple choice questions based on her profile and dietary intake.
For this assignment you will use the NutritionCalc Plus (NCP) dietary analysis program to answer 10 multiple choice questions based on a sample profile and the reports generated below.
STEP 1: Create a Sample Profile on NCP
Create a sample profile on NCP for Tyra Moore using the information provided above.
Make sure you have access to NutritionCalc Plus
STEP 2: Enter the Following Foods and Serving Sizes
Under Intakes, search for, select, and add the following foods and their serving sizes.
Sample Diet for Diabetes, 1800 kcal using the Exchange System
Breakfast
- Cereal, bran flakes, Post (USDA: Post) – 1 cup
- Banana, fresh, medium, 7” to 7-7/8” (USDA) – 1 ea
- Milk, 1%, with vitamins A & D (USDA) – 8 fl-oz
Lunch
- Bread, whole wheat (USDA) – 2 slice
- Lunch meat, turkey breast (USDA) – 3 oz
- Cheese, Swiss (USDA) – 1 oz
- Tomatoes, fresh, year round average, sliced (USDA) – 0.25 cup
- Mayonnaise, with olive oil, reduced fat (USDA) – 1 Tbs
- Carrots, baby, fresh (USDA) – 15 med
- Apple, fresh, medium, 3” (USDA: Commodity) – 1 ea
Dinner
- Tortilla, corn, ready-to-bake (USDA) – 2 ea
- Chicken breast, roasted, skinless (USDA) – 3 oz
- Broccoli, boiled, drained, chopped (USDA) – 1 cup
- Greens, corn salad, fresh (USDA) – 2 cup
- Strawberries, fresh (USDA) – 1 cup
Snack
- Yogurt, plain, 13 grams protein, from skim milk (USDA) – 1 cup
- Peanuts, raw (USDA) – 0.25 cup
- Popcorn, air popped (USDA) – 5 cup
STEP 3: Generate the following Reports:
- Calorie Assessment
- Single Nutrient: Exchange - Fruit
- Single Nutrient: Carbohydrate
STEP 4: Answer the Following Questions Based on the Reports
Once you have generated the reports, download the PDF version of the reports and save. Then, use those reports to answer the following 10 multiple choice questions. Your instructor may ask you to submit your reports so be sure they are saved and labeled.
Tyra Moore Case Study Questions and Answers
1. Tyra was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Her healthcare practitioner advised her to lose weight at a rate of approximately 1 pound per week as a therapy to help control her diabetes. One rule of thumb to lose weight is to eat 20 to 25 kcal per kilogram of body weight. If Tyra weighs 150 pounds (68 kilograms) and eats this 1-day diet, how many calories per kilogram of body weight is she consuming? 26
2. Fruit is a valuable source of carbohydrate, fiber and other nutrients that are important in a meal plan for diabetes management. An exchange of fruit is equivalent to a small piece of fruit and contains 60 kcal; however, not all fruits have identical nutrition profiles. Which fruit in this sample 1-day menu makes up the largest exchange serving of fruit? Banana
3. There is not a specific type of diet to eat for diabetes. People with diabetes should aim for the same percentage of calories from carbohydrate as people without diabetes. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates is 45% to 65% of calories from carbohydrate. What percent calories from carbohydrate are provided in this sample 1-day menu? 52
4. Tyra met with a diabetes educator who helped her design an 1800-kcal meal plan for weight loss based on the Exchange System for meal planning. Tyra was excited to learn that she can have fruit, a valuable source of carbohydrate, fiber, and other important nutrients. If one fruit exchange contains 60 kcal, approximately how many calories from fruit did Tyra eat in this 1-day sample menu? 250
5. Most (90% to 95%) of the people who have diabetes have type 2 diabetes and more than 90% of the people with type 2 diabetes have a body mass index (BMI) that puts them in the overweight or obese category. BMI less than 18.5 underweight, BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is healthy or normal weight, BMI of 25 to 29.9 is overweight, and BMI of 30 or above is obese. According to her BMI, Tyra is Overweight
6. Some people with diabetes mistakenly think they should not eat carbohydrates. In fact, carbohydrates should represent the majority of calories (45% to 65%) for a person with diabetes, just like they should if an individual does not have diabetes. Which item from the sample 1-day menu does not contain any carbohydrate? Chicken breast
7. A person with diabetes can help control his or her blood sugar by monitoring the amount, type and distribution of carbohydrate in the diet. Which serving of food from this sample 1-day menu contains the greatest amount of carbohydrate? Bran flakes
8. Both fruits and vegetables are valuable sources of carbohydrate, fiber and other nutrients that are important for a person with diabetes. Fruits generally have more carbohydrate - and therefore more Calories - than do vegetables. How does the carbohydrate content of the apple in the sample 1-day menu compare to the carbohydrate content of the baby carrots? The apple has about twice as much carbohydrate as the carrots.
9. Low-fat and nonfat dairy foods are recommended for people with diabetes who can tolerate dairy foods. One benefit of consuming low-fat and nonfat dairy foods instead of higher-fat and whole dairy foods is that they contain the same amount of beneficial nutrients (carbohydrates, protein, calcium, and vitamins A and D) with fewer of the less desirable nutrients (like saturated fat). How many grams of carbohydrates are in a serving of milk? 12 grams
10. Milk and yogurt contain the milk sugar lactose; because sugars are carbohydrates, milk and yogurt contain carbohydrate. When milk is processed into cheese, most of the lactose is removed, meaning that it has little, if any, carbohydrate. How many grams of carbohydrate are in the Swiss cheese in this sample 1-day menu? 0.4 grams
Dietary Analysis Exam Practice Questions
1. Tyra's Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram body weight. Based on the 0.8 grams per kilogram protein DRI, how many grams of protein per day should Tyra eat? (Hint: 1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds).
55 grams of protein
2. The Daily Value (DV) for protein on the Nutrition Facts Label of food packages is based on 50 grams per day for healthy adults. How does the protein in this 1-day bodybuilding magazine high-protein diet menu compare to this recommendation?
There is more than three times as much protein.
3. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) recommends that protein make up 10% to 35% of kcal. What percent of calories in this sample 1-day, high-protein diet menu comes from protein?
33% of calories from protein
4. Tyra's Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. How many grams of protein per kilogram of body weight did she eat from this 1-day menu? (Hint: 1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds)
2.4 grams of protein per kilogram body weight
5. Both plant and animal foods can provide protein. In this menu, with the exception of the condiments and coffee, all of the foods in which food group(s) contain(s) less than 2 grams of protein per given serving size?
Fruits and vegetables
6. About 40% of the calories in the meatloaf come from protein. What percent of the day's total protein content consists of protein from the meatloaf? 36%
7. Put the following foods in order of their protein content from least to greatest amount of protein per serving: American cheese, cottage cheese, grapes, tuna.
Grapes, American cheese, tuna, cottage cheese
8. Nutrient density is a ratio derived by dividing a food's nutrient content by its calorie content. Which of the following is the most protein-dense food?
Tuna
9. The meatloaf contributes a significant amount of calories to this menu because one serving contains one-half pound (8 ounces) of meat. Compare this to a typical serving size of meat, which is 3 ounces. What percent of the day's total calories comes from the meatloaf? 29%
10. Tyra is following a high-protein diet to lose weight. Unfortunately, because this type of diet provides more calories than she needs per day, this way of eating will likely cause her to gain more weight. Tyra's doctor tells her to cut about 500 kcal per day and increase her exercise as a more effective way to lose weight. Which one food could Tyra cut out of the 1-day menu to help meet her doctor's calorie recommendations? The meatloaf
11. Tyra is interested in improving the quality of her life in her later years. She recently read about the traditional diet of the people of Okinawa, Japan. Okinawans have historically had among the highest life expectancies in the world, and their longevity is attributable to a low-energy, nutrient-rich diet and active lifestyle. The traditional Okinawan diet contains, on average, about as many calories as this 1-day Okinawan diet menu. Approximately how many calories are in the daily Okinawan diet? 1800 kcal
12. The Okinawan diet can be described as a low-energy, nutrient-rich, high-carbohydrate diet that may be beneficial for reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrate is 45% to 65% of kcal. What percent of calories in this 1-day Okinawan diet menu come from carbohydrate? 76% of calories from carbohydrate
14. The staple carbohydrate in the Okinawan diet is the sweet potato (not rice, as in the Japanese diet). Sweet potatoes are nutrient-dense and are a particularly good source of vitamin A. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin A for Tyra is 700 micrograms RAE (retinol activity equivalents). What percent of the vitamin A DRI does the combined two servings of sweet potatoes from this menu provide? 527% RDA for vitamin A
15. There are very little, if any, animal foods in the traditional Okinawan diet. Traditional dishes may include small amounts of boiled pork or fish, but cooking styles center around vegetables and tofu. What percentage of the protein in this 1-day Okinawan diet menu come from tofu? 25%
16. The traditional Okinawan dietary pattern includes a high consumption of vegetables and legumes. Although green vegetables are not significant sources of protein, legumes do contain protein. How many grams of protein are in the mung beans (a legume) in this 1-day Okinawan diet menu? 14 grams
17. In keeping with the emphasis on plants as opposed to animal foods, the Okinawan diet has almost no dairy products. How many MyDairy food group servings are in this 1-day Okinawan diet menu? (Hint: The MyDairy food group is listed as MyDry as the column header in the NutriCalc Plus reports.)
0 servings
18. The traditional Okinawan diet has changed remarkably in the post World War II era. The adoption of Westernized food practices has denigrated the quality of carbohydrate and led to a marked increase in fat and saturated fat intake. Younger Okinawans now have a higher risk of obesity and chronic disease than their elders who ate in the traditional way. United States guidelines recommend limiting saturated fat to no more than 20 grams per day. How many grams of saturated fat are in this traditional 1-day Okinawan diet menu?
2 grams
19. One shortfall of East Asian diets, and Japanese diets in particular, is the high sodium content. Sodium intake is attributed to high intakes of foods like pickled vegetables, soy sauce, miso and salted fish. The average daily sodium intake in the United States is 3300 milligrams per day. How does the sodium intake of this 1-day Okinawan diet menu compare with the average daily sodium intake in the United States?
There is about half as much sodium in the Okinawan diet.
20. High glycemic load associated with chronic consumption of high glycemic index foods is thought to increase oxidative stress and chronic disease risk. Although the Okinawan diet is high in carbohydrate, the carbohydrate sources tend to have a low glycemic index (GI) and promote a low glycemic load (GL). The GI of sweet potatoes is 50. To calculate a food's GL, multiply the grams of carbohydrate in the food by the food's GI and then divide by 100. What is the GL of one of the 2-potato servings of the sweet potatoes in the 1-day Okinawan diet menu? 26
21. Although the traditional Okinawan diet tends to be high in sodium, hypertensive effects are minimized by high intakes of antihypertensive minerals such as potassium, magnesium and calcium. This is coupled with a higher need for sodium when sweating profusely in the hot and humid Okinawan climate. The Adequate Intake (AI) for potassium for Tyra is 4700 milligrams per day. How does the potassium content of this 1-day Okinawan diet menu compare to the AI? The Okinawan diet has about 1000 milligrams more potassium.
0
1861