Late and Middle Adulthood changes

Late and Middle Adulthood  Quiz Questions and Answers

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1. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the climacteric?
A) All cultures respond in the same way to the climacteric.
B) Men continue to be reproductive after midlife.
C) Most women complete menopause in their early 50s.
D) Couples continue to enjoy sex after the climacteric.

2. Encore careers:
A) are entered into in midlife.
B) emphasize meaning and purpose.
C) focus on making a societal contribution.
D) All of the above.

3. Erikson’s stage for late adulthood is:
A) initiative verses guilt.
B) trust versus mistrust.
C) generativity versus stagnation.
D) integrity versus despair.

4. With age comes wisdom.
A) True
B) False

5. Tacit knowledge declines in midlife.
A) True
B) False

6. Rates of exercise among those 65 and older are higher for women than for men.
A) True
B) False

7. Adult students tend to do ALL BUT WHICH ONE of the following?
A) Focus on speed rather than accuracy.
B) Learn best with minimal distractions.
C) Focus on relevance of content.
D) Rely less on rote memorization.

8. Which category of the U. S. population has the shortest life expectancy?
A) Black males
B) Black females
C) White males
D) White females

9. The Hayflick limit is a concept that explains:
A) marital satisfaction.
B) cell age.
C) increases in intelligence historically.
D) depression in late adulthood.

10. This type of marriage is most likely to include empty love.
A) The vitalized marriage.
B) The passive-congenial marriage.
C) The total marriage.
D) Intrinsic marriage.

11. Which of the following is NOT one of Kubler-Ross’s stages of grief/loss?
A) Recollection.
B) Denial.
C) Bargaining.
D) Anger.

12. A sudden experience of confusion and disorientation is known as:
A) Alzheimer’s disease.
B) Dementia.
C) Delirium.
D) Parkinson’s disease.

13. This station of divorce involves the loss of neighbors and friends.
A) The psychic divorce.
B) The “friendly” divorce.
C) The community divorce.
D) The emotional divorce.

14. A midlife adult is most likely to experience which of the following changes?
A) A loss of taste sensitivity.
B) Becoming nearsighted or farsighted.
C) Developing arthritis.
D) Weight loss.

15. Earl was diagnosed with ALS and given a life expectancy of 2 years. As his disease progressed, his family gradually adjusted to his inevitable death. This refers to which type of grief?
A) anticipatory grief.
B) incomplete grief.
C) preoccupied grief.
D) disenfranchised grief.

16. Secondary aging refers to:
A) Changes in the body that occur during midlife.
B) Changes in height and weight that are part of late adulthood.
C) Aging that occurs as a result of mental states or attitudes.
D) Changes associated with disease.

17. This theory suggests that people in late adulthood focus on friendships primarily because of the enjoyment these relationships bring.
A) Pragmatic exchange theory.
B) Socioemotional selectivity theory.
C) The selection hypothesis.
D) The Hayflick Limit.

18. What percentage of people over 65 require institutional care?
A) 35 percent.
B) 54 percent.
C) 67 percent.
D) None of the above.

19. The expert is someone who:
A) knows a good deal about a particular subject or skill.
B) is exceptional in all areas.
C) has natural talent in an area.
D) focuses on solving-problems by relying on procedure manuals.

20. How common is remarriage?
A) About 10 percent of marriages are remarriages.
B) About 20 percent of marriages are remarriages.
C) About 50 percent of marriages are remarriages.
D) About 70 percent of marriages are remarriages.

Answers to Above Questions 

1. A
2. D
3. D
4. False
5. False
6. False
7. A
8. A
9. B
10. B
11. A
12. C
13. C
14. B
15. A
16. D
17. B
18. D
19. A

What physical changes occur during middle and late adulthood?

Muscular strength, reaction time, sensory abilities, and cardiac output begin to decline in the late twenties and continue to decline throughout middle adulthood (roughly age 40 to 65) and late adulthood (the years after 65). Women's period of fertility ends with menopause around age 50; men have no similar age-related sharp drop in hormone levels or fertility. In late adulthood, the immune system weakens, increasing susceptibility to life-threatening illnesses. Chromosome tips (telomeres) wear down, reducing the chances of normal genetic replication. But for some, longevity-supporting genes, low stress, and good health habits enable better health in later life.

Dr. Greco is conducting a study of military veterans from the Vietnam and Gulf wars, in which he plans to evaluate them every year for 10 years to find out if those with PTSD have a more pronounced decline in mental abilities and overall memory over the 10 years. This is a(n) _____________ study.

Longitudinal

How does memory change with age?

As the years pass, recall begins to decline, especially for meaningless information, but recognition memory remains strong. Developmental researchers study age-related changes such as in memory with cross-sectional studies (comparing people of different ages) and longitudinal studies (retesting the same people over a period of years). "Terminal decline" describes the cognitive decline in the final few years of life.

What themes and influences mark our social journey from early adulthood to death?

Adults do not progress through an orderly sequence of age-related social stages. Chance events can determine life choices. The social clock is a culture's preferred timing for social events, such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement. Adulthood's dominant themes are love and work, which Erikson called intimacy and generativity.

How does our well-being change across the life span?

Self-confidence tends to strengthen across the life span. Surveys show that life satisfaction is unrelated to age. Positive emotions increase after midlife and negative ones decrease.

Which of the following statements is true of the life expectancy of males and females?

Worldwide, women outlive men by 4.7 years.

A loved one's death triggers what range of reactions?

People do not grieve in predictable stages, as was once supposed. Strong expressions of emotion do not purge grief, and bereavement therapy is not significantly more effective than grieving without such aid. Erikson viewed the late-adulthood psychosocial task as developing a sense of integrity (versus despair).

Describe menopause

The time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines.

What is a cross-sectional study?

A study in which people of different ages are compared with one another.

What is a longitudinal study?

It is the research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period.

What is social clock?

The culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement.

By age 65, a person would be most likely to experience a cognitive decline in the ability to

Recall and list all the important terms and concepts in a chapter.

How do cross-sectional and longitudinal studies differ?

Cross-sectional studies compare people of different ages. Longitudinal studies restudy and retest the same people over a long period of time.

Freud defined the healthy adult as one who is able to love and work. Erikson agreed, observing that the adult struggles to attain intimacy and

Generativity.

Contrary to what many people assume;

Positive feelings tend to grow after midlife.

Aja is worried that as her husband approaches his 40th birthday he will become depressed and unhappy with his life, and that he will begin to seek out other women to help compensate for these feelings. Studies cited in your text indicate that very few men go through this sort of:

Describe Erikson's theory of psychosocial development as it applies to young and middle-aged adults.