Chapter 35: Emergency Trauma Surgery
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Chapter 35: Emergency Trauma Surgery
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. is/are the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 45 and the third leading cause of death in all age groups.
A. Motorcycle accidents C. Boating accidents
B. Motor vehicle accidents D. Trauma
2. During a true surgical emergency, more so than in any other scenario, is key to a successful outcome for the patient.
A. teamwork C. counting
B. preparation D. instruments
3. Although the ability to respond quickly to the demand of surgery is important, so is
.
A. teamwork C. preparation
B. accuracy D. instruments
4. Clear is the pivot point of team efforts in an emergency.
A. teamwork C. preparation
B. accuracy D. communication
5. ATLS is:
A. Advance Trauma Life System C. Advance Trauma Life Support
B. Advance Trauma Limited Support D. Advance Trauma Limited System
6. is/are treatment pathways in trauma surgery.
A. Signs and symptoms C. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Algorithms D. None of the above
7. Subnormal core body temperature for an extended period of time is known as:
A. metabolic acidosis C. hypothermia
B. coagulopathy D. hyperthermia
8. Lower-than-normal blood pH is what condition?
A. metabolic acidosis C. hypothermia
B. coagulopathy D. hyperthermia
9. Potentially lethal disorder of the normal blood clotting system in patients who survive the first hour after injury are at risk for which of the following of these conditions:
A. metabolic acidosis C. hypothermia
B. coagulopathy D. hyperthermia
10. A vascular failure, caused by prolonged, severe blood loss, is the most common cause of mortality in trauma and is called:
A. hypothermia C. hemorrhagic shock
B. coagulopathy D. metabolic acidosis
11. The compensatory mechanisms in acute injury can lead to the condition called:
A. compartment syndrome C. hemorrhagic shock
B. metabolic acidosis D. hypothermia
12. is the process of restoring physiological balance in injury.
A. Metabolic acidosis C. Hyperthermia
B. Hypothermia D. Resuscitation
13. The secondary survey is also known as:
A. occult injury C. clinical care
B. hospital care D. emergency care
14. Consent for invasive procedures, including emergency surgery, is obtained from the patient if he or she is able, or from , according to hospital policy.
A. another person C. the parents
B. responsible individuals D. none of the above
15. The surgical technologist (ST) working in an urban trauma facility is likely to have some contact with .
A. trauma surgery C. forensic evidence
B. accidental stabbing D. all the above
16. Death from is the second leading cause of mortality in the United States, and approximately 115,000 cases of injury are treated each year.
A. firearms, firearm B. stabbing, stabbing C. trauma, trauma
D. motor vehicle accident, motor vehicle accident
17. When passing any instrument that will come in contact with a bullet, fragments, shrapnel, or other ballistic item, ensure that the of the instrument are protected with rubber shod or completely covered with a sponge.
A. finger hold C. serrations
B. ratchets D. tips
18. One goal of damage control surgery is to focus solely on lifesaving maneuvers, including all of the following EXCEPT:
A. control of feeding C. control of fecal spillage
B. control of hemorrhage D. relief of compartment syndrome
19. If the patient is stabilized in 12 to 48 hours, he or she can then be returned to surgery for a
procedure.
A. follow-up C. schedule
B. emergency D. definitive
20. Hospitals should have basic setups for:
A. craniotomy B. bowel resection
21. To avoid having instrument sets opened but not used, specialty instruments can be placed
on a cart outside the operating room (OR) in the sterile core.
A. inside B. outside
22. Copious amounts of solution are often needed during trauma surgery.
A. drug B. irrigation
23. -based tissue sealants are used only if there is no coagulopathy present because these depend on an intact coagulation response.
A. Thrombin B. Lidocaine
24. Postoperative serosanguinous pooling is controlled with wound .
A. drains B. dressings
25. The real potential for extending the patient’s injuries exists during and
.
A. transferring, moving B. moving, handling
26. Normothermia is:
A. maintaining normal body temperature at the absolute minimum
B. maintaining normal body temperature as normal as possible
27. You are called in on a motor vehicle accident, the patient is disoriented and scared. As a health care professional, it is important to provide some measure of comfort for the patient. A. emotional B. understanding
28. You are scrubbed in on an emergency case when the circulator tells you that all standardized
procedures may be suspended in life-threatening situations.
A. guidelines B. counts
29. The term “up” means what during an emergency case?
A. items are sterile and ready for use B. on the Mayo ready for use
MATCHING
Match the terms with the correct definitions.
A. Airway D. Dysfunction
B. Breathing E. Exposure of injuries
C. Circulation
1. Blood loss
2. Artificial airway
3. TBI
4. Thoracic injury
5. Vital functions
Match the terms with the definitions. Not all answers will be used.
|
A. B. |
Blunt injury Cardiac rupture |
J. K. |
Exsanguinating Flail chest |
|
C. D. E. F. G. |
Cardiac tamponade Coagulopathy Compartment syndrome Contusion Damage control surgery |
L. M. N. O. P. |
FAST Hemorrhagic shock Hemothorax Metabolic acidosis Occult injury |
|
H. I. |
Definitive diagnosis Definitive procedure |
Q. R. |
Penetrating injury Pheumothorax |
6. Pressure on the heart causing restriction and damage to the conduction system
7. Injury that results in air in the pleural space causing displacement or collapse of the respiratory structures
8. Bruising
9. Trauma that results in deep tissue injury without rupture of the skin
10. A protocol of ATLS in which ultrasound is used in a focus area to diagnose severe trauma
11. An injury that is not detected in normal assessment procedures
12. Condition in which the body’s normal blood clotting mechanism ceases to function;
characteristic in severe multi trauma
13. Tearing of the atria or ventricles as a result of trauma
14. Bleeding into the pleural space
15. Evidence-based diagnosis of a medical problem using normal investigative procedures, such as imaging studies
16. A type of shock characterized by vascular failure resulting from severe bleeding
17. Hemorrhage with the potential to deplete the patient’s total blood volume
18. Surgery whose objective is to stop hemorrhage and prevent sepsis without attempting reconstruction or anatomical continuity
19. Increased pressure in any compartment of the body
20. A potentially lethal physiological condition occurring in shock, characterized by abnormally low blood pH
21. Aplanned surgicalprocedure,usuallywith specificobjectives forreconstruction orrestoring continuityof anatomicalstructures
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