A nurse is caring for a patient with thalassemia. Which information would the nurse include in an explanation of mutation?
Which specific part of a chromosome would the nurse explain to a patient as the location heredity information?
gene
A nurse is caring for a patient with Down syndrome and recalls that the patient has what chromosomal abnormality?
1 Trisomy 22
2 Trisomy 23
3 Trisomy 21
4 Trisomy 9
Chromosomal disorders are caused by structural changes within the chromosomes or by an excess or deficiency of the genes that are located on the chromosomes. Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder. It is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 (called trisomy 21). Down syndrome is not caused by Trisomy of chromosomes 22, 23, and 9.
A nursing student has been asked to explain the term “genome” in a genetics class. Which statement is correct?
1 Genome is the study of genes.
2 Genome refers to the physical characteristics that one inherits.
3 Genome is the entire genetic constitution of an individual.
4 Genome refers to the set of chromosome excluding the sex chromosomes.
Genome is the entire genetic information contained in a human cell. Genetics is the study of genes. Traits are the physical characteristics that one inherits. The chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes are called autosomes.
How many pairs of autosomes are present in the human cell?
20 pairs
22 pairs
23 pairs
24 pairs
22
A nurse is working in a forensic laboratory and assisting a research professional with DNA finger printing. The nurse will find chromosomes in which part of the cell?
1 In the serum of blood
2 In the mitochondria
3 In the cytoplasm
4 In the nucleus
nucleus
A patient with a family history of heart disease asks a nurse about taking an “at home” genetic test to determine if the patient is genetically predisposed to heart disease. What instruction should the nurse give the patient about obtaining a sample for the test?
Take a blood sample from your forearm.
Sweep a cotton swab in the scrotal area.
Scrape out a small amount of the outer layer of your skin.
Take the applicator and sweep it on the inner side of your cheek.
Take the applicator and sweep it on the inner side of your cheek.
A nurse is discussing mitosis and meiosis to a group of nursing students. Which statement would be appropriate for the nurse to include while educating the group?
The number of chromosomes present in daughter cells is equal to that in the parent cell.
A patient tested positive for a genetic mutation. The nurse recognizes that which of these statements is true? Select all that apply.
The laboratory found an alteration in a gene.
The genetic disease will become severe in the patient’s lifetime.
The patient should not have any children or any additional children.
Other family members are not at risk for developing a genetic disease.
The patient may have an increased risk of developing a genetic disease.
The laboratory found an alteration in a gene.
The patient may have an increased risk of developing a genetic disease.
Which factors may cause somatic mutation in the genes. select all that apply
A patient asks the nurse, “What is DNA?” Which statements should the nurse include in the explanation to the patient? Select all that apply.
1 DNA is a nucleic acid that forms genes.
2 DNA is an enzyme that helps in digestion.
3 DNA stores the genetic information of the individual.
4 Every cell of the human body contains the same DNA.
5 DNA determines the rate of carbohydrate synthesis in the body.
1, 3, 4
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that forms genes. It stores the genetic information of individuals. Every somatic cell of human body contains the same DNA. It is not an enzyme that aids digestion. DNA dictates the rate of protein synthesis in the body
Which of these is an example of germline mutation?
1
An error that occurs during DNA replication.
2
DNA damage after receiving chemotherapy.
3
DNA damage from exposure to cigarette toxins.
4
A mutation that is passed from a parent to a child.
A mutation that is passed from a parent to a child.
A woman with ovarian cancer would like to know which kind of genetic testing could help prevent her daughters from getting ovarian cancer. What should the nurse inform this patient?
Predictive testing
A patient tells the nurse, “My doctor mentioned that I am homozygous for a certain gene, but I really don’t understand?” What is the best response by the nurse?
“You have two identical alleles for the gene.”
What is the study of variations of responses to drugs related to variations in single genes?
Pharmacogenetics
A pregnant woman expresses concern to the nurse about the potential for cystic fibrosis in her children and plans to use a home genetic test. Which action would the nurse take?
The nurse should tell the patient to discuss the issue of genetic testing with her health care provider or a genetic counselor
Which type of genetic test should the nurse suggest to determine who the biologic father of a child?
Parental testing
A man has an X-linked recessive disorder; his wife has a normal genotype. He asks the nurse, “Will this disorder be passed to my children?” Which answer is correct?
“Your female children will be carriers of this disorder.”
A female patient has been diagnosed with hemophilia. Which family background information is possible ? select all that apply
A 5-year-old girl was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The mother says that no one else in her family has diabetes, and asks why her daughter would get it. How should the nurse explain this complex disease?
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