The first stage of chemical neurotransmission from the presynaptic axon terminal to the postsynaptic neuron; process by which electrical impulses in the presynaptic neuron is converted into a chemical signal at the synapse; the way the neuron transducer an electrical stimulus into a chemical event; changes the ionic charge across the neuronal membranes, inducing an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron that causes the synaptic vesicles to spill their chemical contents into the synapse
Begins with an electrical process causing the stimulation of a presynaptic neuron by neurotransmitters, light, drugs, hormones or nerve impulses that causes electrical impulses to be sent to its axon terminal that are then converted into chemical messengers that stimulate the receptors of postsynaptic neurons
Neuronal transmission that does not require a synapse; chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) can spill over to distant neurons by diffusion (chemical puffs); example dopamine in the prefrontal cortex are usually diffused across synapses of neurons that do not have dopamine receptors due to lack of dopamine reuptake transporter pumps (DATs) to terminate the action of dopamine released
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