Developmental Psychology Test: Exam #3

QUESTION 1

1. Being able to sort super-hero trading cards according to good guy/bad guy status demonstrates the mastery of classification.

 True correct

 False

2 points   

QUESTION 2

1. During middle childhood children begin to have a better understanding of figurative language. 

True correct

False

2 points   

QUESTION 3

1. Freud argued that children experience a calming of their sexual drives during middle childhood. True False

2 points   

QUESTION 4

1. Transitive inference involves being able to order things based on quantity or magnitude. True False

2 points   

QUESTION 5

1. The rates of clinical depression are higher for teenage boys than for teenage girls. True False

2 points   

QUESTION 6

1. Research confirms that, on average, there is a significant decline in self-esteem during adolescence.
    True False

2 points   

QUESTION 7

1. According to Piaget, most kids typically master conservation tasks during the concrete operational stage of cognitive development.
    True False

2 points   

QUESTION 8

1. Secondary sexual characteristics are those characteristics that are not directly related to reproduction. True False

2 points   

QUESTION 9

1. Adolescent males typically experience a growth spurt earlier than adolescent females.
    True False

2 points   

QUESTION 10

1. According to Piaget, the major development of the formal operational stage of cognitive development is that children improve in their ability to think logically about concrete things. True False

2 points   

QUESTION 11

1. Joseph, who is 7 years old has just started playing organized baseball.  Based on what you learned in class, what would you advise Joseph’s parents about organized sports during middle childhood?A.Joseph is too young to benefit from organized sports.B.Joseph will have better outcomes if he is on a highly competitive baseball team.C.Joseph will have more positive outcomes if he is on a baseball team that does not highly emphasize competition and athletic skills.D.Joseph will be more interested in the sport if his parents consistently reinforce practicing baseball drills at home.

2 points   

QUESTION 12

1. Which of the following statements is(are) true regarding childhood obesity?A.The percentage of obesity in school aged American children has increased substantially since the 1960s.B.An increase in sedentary activities among children (e.g., TV, video games, computers) has contributed to increased childhood obesity.C.An emphasize on high fat, fast foods as a culture has contributed to childhood obesity.D.all of the above are true

2 points   

QUESTION 13

1. Examining one’s own cognitive activity (otherwise known as “thinking about thinking”) is called:A.automatizationB.decentrationC.metacognitionD.social standards

2 points   

QUESTION 14

1. John has the ability to talk informally with friends and more formally to his teachers when called on in class.  This is likely because John understands the:A.metacognitive aspects of intellectB.pragmatics of his languageC.automatized view of social interactionD.control processes of regulation

2 points   

QUESTION 15

1. Mrs. Smith’s first grade class is able to line up based on their height (shortest to tallest). This ability demonstrates that Mrs. Smith’s students have mastered:A.seriationB.transitive inferenceC.inductive reasoningD.identity

2 points   

QUESTION 16

1. With concrete operational thought, children can:A.think logically about tangible things
   B.think abstractlyC.consistently make good decisionsD.solve most problems on their own

2 points   

QUESTION 17

1. Of the following statements made by children, which best exemplifies the logical principle of identity?A.If my tower of blocks is knocked down, I can just rebuild it again.B.An egg is still an egg even after it is cracked open.C.An object continues to exist even when I can’t see it anymore.D.Not everyone thinks and feels the way that I do.

2 points   

QUESTION 18

1. According to Piaget, which of the following occurs during the concrete operational stage of cognitive development?A.children begin to correctly solve the class-inclusion problemB.children begin to correctly solve the conservation of liquid taskC.children begin to correctly solve the Sally-Anne TaskD.both a and b

2 points   

QUESTION 19

1. According to Erickson, 9-year old Anita should be experiencing the developmental crisis of:A.initiative versus guiltB.identity versus role confusionC.industry versus inferiorityD.autonomy versus shame

2 points   

QUESTION 20

1. During a ________ task, 4-year-old Marissa is asked whether there are more oranges or fruits in a group of two apples, one banana, and three oranges. According to Piaget, she will most likely say ________.
   A.class inclusion; there are more fruitsB.class inclusion; there are more orangesC.conservation-of-number; there are more fruitsD.conservation-of-number; there are more oranges

2 points   

QUESTION 21

1. According to Freud, 8-year old Cameron will likely experience:A.a calming of his psychosexual needsB.the emergence of many unconscious conflictsC.increased emotional drivesD.a new interest in girls

2 points   

QUESTION 22

1. According to Erikson, ten year old Cameron will have successfully resolved the crisis of middle childhood if:A.he is praised even when he experiences failureB.he is given authentic feedback about failuresC.he develops an inferiority complexD.he develops feelings of autonomy

2 points   

QUESTION 23

1. Which of the following statements regarding the impact of divorce on children is(are) TRUE?A.The majority of children and adults who experience divorce do not suffer long term effects.B.If there is a high level of parental conflict prior to the divorce, divorce can actually provide relief for the child.C.Children of divorce may have lower levels of education or occupational status, especially if the family experiences economic hardship.D.all of the above

2 points   

QUESTION 24

1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the family during middle childhood?A.providing the child with food, clothing, and shelterB.providing the child with stability in their livesC.nurturing the child’s friendships with their peersD.all of the above are functions of the family during middle childhood.

2 points   

QUESTION 25

1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding a child’s self-concept during middle childhood?
   
   A.children tend to have an overly inflated sense of self (e.g., I’m the greatest!)
   B.a child’s self-concept is mainly defined by their physical characteristics
   C.children typically develop a more realistic sense of self (e.g., they gain a better understanding of their strengths and weaknesses)
   D.it develops mainly from internal influences

2 points   

QUESTION 26

1. Which of the following examples would be considered an example of bullying?A.Shonda repeatedly mocks and ridicules Amy about her physical appearance.B.Joe was mad at Sam for something that he said, so he pushed him into the wall.C.Linda posted one ugly picture of Jessica on facebook.D.all of the above

2 points   

QUESTION 27

1. Developing self-esteem, nurturing friendships with peers, and encouraging learning are three of the:A.family structuresB.measurements of family harmonyC.functions of a familyD.suggestions for stress resilience

2 points   

QUESTION 28

1. According to Erickson, when kids enter middle childhood (ages 6-12) their main struggle centers around:A.their attempts to feel autonomousB.their attempt to “measure up” when compared with friends
   C.their attempts to overcome feelings of shame and doubtD.their attempts to develop a sense of trust for the world and people in it

2 points   

QUESTION 29

1. Janet and Carlos are both experiencing puberty.  If they are typical for their sex, compared with Carlos (a male), Janet (a female) will:A.have a lower proportion of body fatB.have a higher proportion of body fatC.have an increase in upper body muscleD.burn off all her baby fat

2 points   

QUESTION 30

1. Which of the following would be considered a secondary sex characteristic for females?A.ovary developmentB.fallopian tube developmentC.uterus developmentD.breast development

2 points   

QUESTION 31

1. A girl’s first menstrual period is called:A.spermarcheB.mensesC.menarcheD.puberty

2 points   

QUESTION 32

1. Which of the following statements regarding puberty is(are) true?A.Individuals are starting puberty at younger ages now than in the past.B.The age at which a child begins puberty is influenced by heredity.C.On average, girls begin puberty at a younger age than boys.D.all of the above are true

2 points   

QUESTION 33

1. The most significant hormonal changes of puberty include an increase of ______________ in _________________ and an increase in ________________ in ______________________.A.progesterone; boys; estrogen; girls
   B.estrogen; boys; testosterone; girls
   C.progesterone; girls; estrogen; boys
   D.estrogen; girls; testosterone; boys

2 points   

QUESTION 34

1. For boys, the event that most closely parallels the first menstrual period in girls, is:A.growth of the penisB.spermarcheC.first intercourseD.discharge of enough sperm to fertilize an ovum

2 points   

QUESTION 35

1. The development of hypothetical thinking during adolescence contributes to:A.a greater ability to plan aheadB.a greater ability to engage in debateC.a greater understanding of probabilityD.all of the above

2 points   

QUESTION 36

1. Which of the following terms refers to the process of using a general idea or premise to then use logic to draw specific conclusions?A.hypothetical reasoningB.inductive reasoningC.deductive reasoningD.adolescent egocentrism

2 points   

QUESTION 37

1. Adolescents tend to rely more on quick, emotionally based thinking. This is referred to as:A.intuitive thoughtB.analytical thoughtC.factual thoughtD.logical thought

2 points   

QUESTION 38

1. Does the ability to use deductive reasoning tend to develop at the same time as the ability to use inductive reasoning?A.Yes, deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning tend to develop at the same time.B.No, deductive reasoning tends to develop before inductive reasoning.C.No, deductive reasoning tends to develop after inductive reasoning.D.No, these two types of reasoning tend to develop randomly, with deductive reasoning sometimes developing first and inductive reasoning sometimes developing first.

2 points   

QUESTION 39

1. One of the main reasons why teenagers have a tendency to make decisions based on their emotions rather than on logical reasoning is:A.their amygdala is still developingB.their prefrontal cortex is still developingC.their cerebellum is still developingD.their pituitary gland is still developing

2 points   

QUESTION 40

1. A 15-year old girl realizes that the dress she has worn to school has a small stain on it.  Her belief that everyone will notice the stain is an example of:A.the personal fableB.the imaginary audienceC.the invincibility fableD.clothes consciousness

2 points   

QUESTION 41

1. Sixteen year old Paul drinks heavily and drives dangerously fast, believing that he cannot be hurt.  Paul is demonstrating:
   A.the personal fableB.deductive reasoningC.self-awarenessD.the invincibility fable

2 points   

QUESTION 42

1. According to Piaget, the major cognitive development that occurs during adolescence is:A.the ability to think abstractlyB.the ability to think logicallyC.the ability to use inductive reasoningD.the ability to use the senses and motor skills to understand the world

2 points   

QUESTION 43

1. Anthony, who is 15 years old, is annoyed with his parents because he feels like they can’t possibly understand how stressful his life is. Anthony’s thinking demonstrates:the invincibility fablethe personal fabledeductive reasoningthe imaginary audience

2 points   

QUESTION 44

1. According to Erickson, adolescents are in the stage of:A.identity versus role confusionB.intimacy versus isolationC.independence versus needinessD.integration versus separation

2 points   

QUESTION 45

1. Adoption of parents’ or society’s roles and values, rather than questioning and exploring a personal identity, is referred to as identity ________________________.A.moratoriumB.foreclosureC.diffusionD.achievement

2 points   

QUESTION 46

1. Parasuicide refers to:A.an attempt on one’s life that does not result in deathB.an attempt on one’s life that does result in deathC.thinking about suicideD.feelings of sadness or hopelessness

2 points   

QUESTION 47

1. Garrett is serving a 2-year mission for his church at the age of 19. When he returns home from his mission assignment, he will decide whether or not to attend college and will make his decisions about career and family.  Garrett is most likely experiencing ____________________.A.identity foreclosureB.negative identityC.identity moratoriumD.identity achievement

2 points   

QUESTION 48

1. Recent statistics have shown that suicide is the ____________________ leading cause of death in adolescents.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth

2 points   

QUESTION 49

1. Alanda, who is 16 years old, has recently been having thoughts of taking her own life.  She imagines what her funeral would be like and who would come.  Alanda is experiencing ____________________________.A.parasuicideB.suicidal ideationC.suicide contagionD.suicidal preoccupation

2 points   

QUESTION 50

1. According to Erikson, the crisis of adolescence is resolved positively when:A.identity is achievedB.identity foreclosure is achievedC.identity diffusion is achievedD.identity moratorium is achieved