Test Bank for Psychiatric Advanced Practice Nursing, A Biopsychosocial Foundation for Practice 1st Edition Perese

Chapter 1: Theoretical Framework of Practice Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Temperament—a genetically influenced early form of personality—describes an infant’s pattern of central nervous system responses and behaviors. Among the different types of temperament, which one is associated with more impairment of brain functioning and, in the absence of positive, nurturing parenting, is a risk factor for later development of psychiatric disorders? A. Easy B. Slow-to-warm-up/inhibited C. Mixed D. Difficult ____ 2. According to psychosocial developmental theory, in the recently described “ninth age of man,” beyond the life cycle, A. There are no further tasks to accomplish. B. The tasks that are the most important are generative versus stagnation. C. There is an emphasis on intimacy versus isolation. D. Tasks include overcoming life transitions. ____ 3. Which attachment pattern is more likely to be found among children who have been abused? A. Secure B. Inhibited C. Disorganized D. Avoidant ____ 4. Nobel Prize winner Eric Kandel demonstrated that the brain A. Is plastic before birth but becomes hard-wired at birth B. Has plasticity and can change during the first 3 years of life C. Has plasticity that allows it to make new connections in response to learning D. Is unable to make new connections after age 26 ____ 5. The primary relevance of Bowlby’s attachment theory for psychiatric advanced practice nurses is that A. Toddlers develop primitive defense mechanisms such as denial. B. Toddlers develop an inner working model of how adults will respond to them. C. Toddlers face the psychosocial task of autonomy versus shame. D. Toddlers develop a fear of engulfment and enmeshment. ____ 6. Early attachment experiences are transformed into inner working models of the self and mother by age A. 7 years B. 5 years C. 3 years D. 1 year Page ____ 7. In a cantilevered model of needs such as Hansell’s model,