PMHNP board exam non-pharmacological treatment test questions and answers

PMHNP Board Exam Non-Pharmacological Treatment 1. Most common issues for individual therapy: 1. losses 2. interpersonal conflicts 3. symptomatic presentations such as panic phobias, and negativity 4. Unfulfilled expectations at life transitions 5. Characterological issues such as narcissim or aggressiveness 2. Psychoanalytic therapy: 1. Originated by Freud 2. believed that behavior is determined by unconsious motivations and instincual drives . 3. promotes change by the development of greater insight and awareness of maladaptive defenses 4. attends to past developmental and psychodynamic factors which shape present behaviors. 3. Cognitive Therapy: 1. Originated by Beck 2. Purports that external events do not cause anxiety or maladaptive responses 3. States that a persons expectations, perceptions, and interpretations of events cause anxiety 4. allows clients to view relaity more clearly through an examination of their central distorted cognitions 5. Goal is to change clients irrational beliefs, faulty conceptions and negative cognitive disortions 4. Behavioral Therapy: Originated by Lazarus Focuses on changing maladaptive behaviors by participating in active behavioral techniques such as exposure, relaxation, problem-solving, and role playing 5. Dialectical behavioral therapy: Originated by linehan commonly used with people with borderline personality disorder focuses on emotional regulation, tolerance for distress, self-management skills, interpersonal effectiveness, and mindfulness, with an emphasis on treating thera- py-interfering bheaviours 6. Goals of dialectical behavioral therapy: Decrease suicidal behaviors decrease therapy interfering behaviors decrease emotional reactivity decrease sel-invalidation decrease crisis-generalting behaviors decrease passivity increase realistic decision making increase accurate communication of emotions and competencies 7. Existential therapy: Originated by Fankl a philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-confrontation is en- couraged emphasizes accepting freedom and making responsible choices states that a basic dimension of humans includes finding meaning and purpose in lify goals are to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility 8. Humanistic therapy: Originated by rogers also known as person-centered therapy concepts include self-directed growth and self-actualization; people are born with the capacity to direct themselves toward self-actualization each person has the potential to actualize and find meaning 9. Interpersonal therapy: originated by kierman and weissman evidence-based therapy with focus on interpersonal issues that are creating distress time limited, active, focused on the present and on interpersonal distress developed to treat aspects of depression and is effective for adults and adolescents has been applied to treat interpersonal distress related to other disorders including bipolar, substance use and eating disorders 10. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Originated by Shapiro A form of behavioral and exposure therapy Involves the use of bilateral stimulation-moving the eyes back and forth, alternating tapping on hand or knee or sounds in ears most commonly used in post traumatic stress disorder goal is to achieve adaptive resolution 11. what is the desensitazation phase of EMDR: The client visualizes the trau- ma, vrbalizes the negative thoughts or maladaptive beliefs, and remains attentive to physical sensations. This process occurs for a limited time while the clit maintains rhythmic eye movements. He or she is then to verbalize what he or she is thinking, feeling, or imagining 12. What is the installation phase of EMDR: The client installs and increases the strength of the positive thought that he or she has declared as a replacement of the original negative thought 13. What is body scan in EMDR: the client visualizes the trauma along with positive thought and then scans his or her body mentally to identify and tension within. 14. What are the benefits of group therapy: increases insight about oneself increases social skills is cost-effective develops sense of community 15. Who was the first person to put a theoretical perspective in group work- : Irvin Yalom 16. What is the 10 therapeutic factors that differentiate group therapy from individual therapy: 1. instillation of hope 2. universality 3. altruism 4. increased development of socialization skills 5. imitative behaviors 6. interpersoanl learning 7. group cohesiveness 8. catharsis 9. existential factors 10 corrective refocusing 17. instilation of hope: participants develop hope for creating a different life. members are at different levels of grouth; thus, they gain hope from others that change is possible. 18. universality: members discover that others have similar problems, thoughts, or feelings and that they are not alone 19. altruism: This results from sharing oneself with another and helping another 20. Increased development of socialization skills: New social sills are learned and maladaptive social behaviors are corrected. the group can provide a natural laboratory 21. Imitative behaviors: participants are able to increase their skills by imitating the behaviors of others 22. interpersonal learning: interacting with others increases adaptive interper- soanl relationships