1. How are carbohydrates used by the body? Choose ALL answers that apply.
structure
Communication
storage
Recognition
2. What type of immunity does a vaccine provide? Choose only ONE best answer.
naturally acquired passive immunity
Artificially acquired passive immunity
Naturally acquired active immunity
Artificially acquired active immunity
3. Which organs and/or glands are superior to the liver? Choose ALL answers that apply.
Lungs
Parathyroid gland
Kidneys
Thymus
4. Which cavity contains all of the frontal cavities? Choose only ONE best answer.
Dorsal
Thoracic
Abdominopelvic
Ventral
5. Which of the following carry oxygenated blood? Choose ALL answers that apply.
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Aorta
Superior vena cava
6. Which of the following are disaccharides? Choose ALL answers that apply.
Sucrose
Glucose
Cellulose
Lactose
7. Which body system is responsible for the transport of dissolved oxygen from the lungs to
the spleen?
Immune
Endocrine
Respiratory
Cardiovascular
8. Which condition can lead to blood clots and stroke?
Aneurysm
Arrhythmia
Asthma
Hypertension
9. A botanist wants to determine if environmental temperature affects root growth. In her
experiment, she creates 4 rooms at temperatures that vary by 5 degrees F. Each room gets
20 seedlings of the same species, which she grows on agar plates for 60 days. Once a day,
she measures the length of each seedling's root. At the end of 60 days, she compares the
length of the roots with the room temperature. She finds the room with the lowest
temperature produced the longest roots.
What is the independent variable in this study?
Temperature
Seedlings
Light
Root length
10. Which of the following can act as enzymes in the body?
Globular proteins
Lipase
Amylase
Glucagon
11. Which of the following is the carbohydrate monomer?
Disaccharide
Lactose
Monosaccharide
Thymine
12. Which of the following are true about water?
Water has polar covalent bonds.
Water has a neutral pH of 7.
Water has a low specific heat capacity.
Water as a solid is less dense than water as a liquid.
13. Hydrophobic proteins often provide which function in the body?
Digestive enzymes
Provide structure
Carry oxygen molecules
Store energy
14. Which of the following have a smaller genetic scale than a chromosome?
Genome
Gene
DNA
All of the above
15. What best measures the volume of a solid?
Triple beam balance
Measuring wheel and mathematical formula
Graduated cylinder
Measuring wheel
16. What cavities are in the ventral cavity of the human body?
Thoracic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Cranial Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
17. Which is the largest part of the airway?
Alveoli
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Trachea
18. Which of the following is an effect of high blood pressure?
Smoking
Excessive dietary salt
Renal vessel damage
Older age
19. What is the monomer for nucleic acids?
Nucleotide
Amino acid
Phosphate group
Ribosome
20. Consider the graph which represents a botanist's data of root growth. What is the
independent variable?
Temperature
Root tissue
Light exposure
Root length
21. What type of tissue protects the respiratory system's trachea?
Bone
Cartilage
Collagen
Keratin
22. Which of the following are examples of covalent bonds?
H₂O
NaCl
C₆H₁₂O₆
MgO
23. Which of the following is an example of Mendelian inheritance?
Incomplete Dominance
Polygenic Alleles
Combination Inheritance
Recessive Inheritance
24. Which of the following are globular proteins?
Antibody
Enzyme
Hemoglobin
Keratin
25. What type of bond connects amino acids?
Covalent
Peptide
Ionic
Hydrogen
26. What is the name for a microorganism that lives on or in the human body and normally
causes no disease or harm?
Bacteria
Commensal Microorganism
Microorganism
Host
27. of the following infectious diseases can be caused by a viral infection?
COVID-19
Varicella
Mumps
Measles
28. You are a nursing student and are triaging a patient. Which of the following is an example
of quantitative data you can gather?
The patients say he feels pain.
The patient says he has stabbing pain in his right lower abdomen.
The patient's temperature is 101.7 degrees F.
The patient reports that he had a fever yesterday
29. Which of the following are examples of steroids in the human body?
Cholesterol
Testosterone
Cortisol
Estradiol
30. What of the following factors influence the rate of a chemical reaction?
Temperature
Pressure
Concentration of reactants and substrate
Any catalysts
31. Which of the following infectious diseases can be caused by bacteria?
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Varicella
Influenza
32. During which of the following stages does crossing over occur?
Mitosis Prophase
Meiosis Prophase I
Meiosis Prophase II
Interphase
33. Which of the following is correct based on anatomical terms?
The shoulder joint is proximal to the neck.
The elbow joint is superior to the shoulder.
The thoracic vertebrae are superior to the cervical vertebrae.
The thumb is on the lateral aspect of the hand.
34. Which of the following is a genetic condition that affects the respiratory system?
Asthma
Cystic fibrosis
Mycosis
Surfactant Deficiency
35. A particular atom is uncharged, and it has an electron configuration of 1s
and a
mass number of 14. How many protons does it have?
14
6
8
12
36. Which of the following describes the term allele?
A base-pair substitution in DNA
An inheritable variation of a gene
A grouping of various genes
Variations of complementary base pairs
37. Which of the following is part of the cardiovascular system?
Blood vessels
Brain
Kidneys
Lungs
38. Which of the following are possible effects of obesity?
Reduced exercise
Joint and body pain
Hypertension
Diabetes
39. Which of the following factors does not strengthen a scientific argument?
Lack of bias.
Extensive use of qualitative research and data.
2
2s
2
2p⁶ 3s
2
Able to be reproduced and repeated by others.
Withstands the test of time
40. Which of the following are functions of the kidneys?
Make urine and maintain water homeostasis
Help maintain blood pressure
Synthesize Vitamin D
Filter blood of salt, nutrients, water, and waste
41. Which of the following correctly orders the layers of the epidermis from most superficial
to deepest?
S. spinosa, S. Basale, S. corneum, S. granulosum, S. lucidum
S. corneum, S. lucidum, S. granulosum, S. spinosum, S. Basale
S. corneum, S. spinosum, S. Basale, S. granulosum, S. lucidum
S. Basale, S. spinosum, S. granulosum, S. lucidum, S. corneum
42. What of the following statements is true about an allergic reaction?
An allergic reaction, like hives or wheezing breath, is the result of overactive body
systems like the integumentary system and respiratory system.
An allergic reaction is a function of overactive B-cells in the body, which release
various immunoglobulins.
An allergic reaction is a function of overactive mast cells in the body, which are
stimulated by Immunoglobulin E.
An allergic reaction involves proteins like histamine, keratin and collagen.
43. Alkali metals are in which group of the periodic table?
Group 1
Group 2
Group 7
Group 8
44. Which term refers to a molecule of DNA and structural protein?
Lysosome
Centrosome
Chromosome
Genome
45. If Silicon (Si) has an atomic mass of 28.1 AMU (atomic mass units), which of the following
is the most likely number of neutrons an atom of Silicon would have?
28.1
14
28
14.2
46. Which neuromuscular system controls voluntary movement?
Autonomic
Somatic
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
47. Which of the following is another name for a sweat gland?
Ceruminous
Sebaceous
Sudoriferous
Integumeous
48. Which of the following is another name for the voice box?
Alveoli
Larynx
Trachea
Pharynx
49. Which term refers to the relaxation of heart muscle?
Diastole
Systole
Asystole
Cardiastole
50. What is located in the skin's dermis?
Blood vessels
Nerve endings
Collagen
Melanocytes
51. Fat is primarily digested in the _________, and protein is primarily digested in the
_____________.
mouth; stomach
stomach; small intestine
small intestine; small intestine
small intestine; stomach
52. Which of the following produces the first heart sound ("lub")?
The closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves
The closing of the tricuspid and mitral valves
The opening of the aortic and pulmonary valves
The opening of the tricuspid and mitral valves
53. Following the scientific method, which steps would be done before gathering qualitative
data?
Communicate with a scientific journal
Define the problem
Develop a hypothesis
Categorize data for statistical analysis
54. Which hormone is released by the pituitary?
Estrogen
Luteinizing Hormone
Progesterone
Testosterone
55. Which of the following does not describe a general trait of macromolecules?
They can be single chains.
They can be branched.
They all contain carbon, hydrogen, and phosphorus.
They all are used by the body.
56. The kidneys reabsorb water, salts, and nutrients and return them to the body through
which structure?
Renal artery
Renal vein
Nephron
Glomerulus
57. Which of the following best describes a group of cells working together?
Organelle
Tissue
Organ
Organ system